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Spiradiclis yangchunensis (Rubiaceae), a new species from Guangdong, China(英文稿)

茜草科螺序草属一新种——阳春螺序草(英文稿)



全 文 :植物科学学报  2016ꎬ 34(1): 13~17
Plant Science Journal http: / / www.plantscience.cn
DOI:10.11913 / PSJ.2095-0837.2016.10013
王瑞江. 茜草科螺序草属一新种———阳春螺序草[J] . 植物科学学报ꎬ 2016ꎬ 34(1): 13-17
Wang RJ. Spiradiclis yangchunensis (Rubiaceae)ꎬ a new species from Guangdongꎬ China[J]. Plant Science Journalꎬ 2016ꎬ 34(1): 13-17
茜草科螺序草属一新种———阳春螺序草
王瑞江
(中国科学院华南植物园ꎬ 中国科学院植物资源保护与可持续利用重点实验室ꎬ 广东省应用植物学重点实验室ꎬ 广州 510650)
摘  要: 描述了自广东省发现的茜草科一新种———阳春螺序草ꎬ 其与宽昭螺序草相似ꎬ 两者均具有半木质化的
茎、 披针形的叶片、 线状的苞片和小苞片以及高脚碟形的花冠ꎬ 但本种因茎叶无毛、 花序蝎尾状、 花萼裂片小
三角形、 长柱花的雄蕊着生位置更近于花冠管基部等特征而不同于后者ꎮ 目前阳春螺序草仅在其模式种产地发
现一个不足 200株的居群ꎬ 根据 IUCN评价标准ꎬ 其应处于濒危(EN)等级ꎮ
关键词: IUCNꎻ 螺序草属ꎻ 新种ꎻ 命名ꎻ 分类学
中图分类号: Q949.781.1          文献标识码: A          文章编号: 2095 ̄0837(2016)01 ̄0013 ̄05
      收稿日期: 2015 ̄10 ̄09ꎬ 退修日期: 2015 ̄10 ̄27ꎮ
  基金项目: 国家自然科学基金面上项目(31070177)ꎮ
This work was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31070177) .
  作者简介: 王瑞江(1968-)ꎬ 男ꎬ 研究员ꎬ 研究方向为植物分类学ꎮ
  ∗通讯作者(Author for correspondence􀆰 E ̄mail: wangrj@scbg􀆰 ac􀆰 cn)ꎮ
Spiradiclis yangchunensis (Rubiaceae)ꎬ a new species
from Guangdongꎬ China
WANG Rui ̄Jiang
(Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilizationꎬ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of
Applied Botanyꎬ South China Botanical Gardenꎬ Chinese Academy of Sciencesꎬ Guangzhouꎬ 510650ꎬ China)
Abstract: Spiradiclis yangchunensisꎬ a new species endemic to Guangdong Provinceꎬ
Chinaꎬ is described and illustrated here. It is similar to S. howii H.S. Lo in somewhat woody
stemsꎬ lanceolate leavesꎬ linear bracts and bracteolatesꎬ and salverform flowersꎬ but differs
in having glabrous stems and leavesꎬ scorpioid paniculiform inflorescenceꎬ small and
triangular hypanthium lobesꎬ and low position of stamens in long ̄styled flowers. Only one
population with less than 200 individuals of S. yangchunensis was found at the type locality up
to nowꎬ and its conservation status is evaluated as Endangered (EN)ꎬ according to the IUCN
Red List Categories and Criteria.
Key words: IUCNꎻ Spiradiclisꎻ New speciesꎻ Nomenclatureꎻ Taxonomy
    The genus Spiradiclis Blume belongs to the
tribe Ophiorrhizeae on the basis of either morpho ̄
logical or molecular evidence[1-6] . At least 50
species are expected to be included in this ge ̄
nus according to our recent taxonomic study.
Spiradiclis plants favor karst caves or shaded hill
cliffs in secondary forests. Most species in China
and North Vietnam have only one to several small
populationsꎬ with several to dozens of individuals
in each[7-9] . The fragile and fragmented habitats
and the small number of individuals and popula ̄
tions have become the main threat to the survival
of Spiradiclis plants. Spiradiclis species are pe ̄
rennial rosetteꎬ erect or subshrub herbs and have
cymose or paniculiform inflorescences with dicha ̄
sial or scorpioid axes and several to many di ̄
stylousꎬ 5 ̄merous flowers[10ꎬ 11] .
During field collection in the western Guang ̄
dong Province in late 2014ꎬ one Spiradiclis spe ̄
cies was found at the mouth of a cave. It has
characteristic leaves and inflorescence and is
morphologically different from any previously
published species[9] . It is therefore described
and illustrated as a new species here.
阳春螺序草 (图 1ꎬ 图 2)
Spiradiclis yangchunensis R. J. Wangꎬ sp. nov.
(Fig. 1 & Fig. 2)
2
m
m
2
m
m
0.
5
m
m
1
cm
5
m
m
5
m
m
A
B C
D
EF
A: Habitꎻ B: Stipeꎻ Cꎬ D: Dissected long ̄styled (C) and short ̄styled (D) flowersꎬ showing the indument of the corolla and
morphology and position of the stamens and stylesꎬ respectivelyꎻ E: Dehiscent capsulesꎻ F: Seeds. (D from R.J. Wang
2716ꎬ the others from type) . Drawn by Ms LIU Yun ̄Xiao.
Fig􀆰 1  Spiradiclis yangchunensis
41 植 物 科 学 学 报 第 34卷 
ABC
D E
F G
H
I
A: Habitatꎻ B: Habitꎻ C: Stipesꎻ D -G: Integrated and dissected short ̄styled (Dꎬ E) and long ̄styled (Fꎬ G) flowersꎬ
showing the indument of the corolla tube and morphology and position of the stamens and stylesꎬ respectively. H: Infruc ̄
tescenceꎻ I: Dehiscent capsules and mature seedsꎬ showing four erect valves. (Photos by WANG Rui ̄Jiang)
Fig􀆰 2  Morphology of Spiradiclis yangchunensis
51  第 1期                        王瑞江: 茜草科螺序草属一新种———阳春螺序草(英文)
    Type: CHINA. Guangdong Province: Yang ̄
chun Countyꎬ Helang Townꎬ 22°37′ Nꎬ 111°50′ Eꎬ
40 mꎬ 10 November 2014ꎬ long ̄styled flowerꎬ R.
J. Wang 2917 (holotype IBSC!ꎬ isotypes IBSC!).
Diagnosis: Spiradiclis yangchunensis is simi ̄
lar to S. howii in somewhat woody stemsꎬ leaf
morphologyꎬ linear bracts and bracteolateꎬ and
salverform flowersꎬ but differs in having glabrous
stems and leavesꎬ scorpioid paniculiform inflores ̄
cenceꎬ small and triangular hypanthium lobesꎬ
and low position of stamens in long ̄styled flowers
(Table 1) .
Perennial herbs. Stems somewhat woodyꎬ
erectꎬ up to 50 cmꎻ stems tereteꎬ glabrous. Leaf
blades lanceolateꎬ [4􀆰6 - 7􀆰5 (- 9)] cm × [1 -
1􀆰5 (- 2)] cmꎬ base narrowly attenuateꎬ apex
acuteꎬ somewhat falcateꎬ paperyꎬ glabrousꎻ
secondary veins 5 or 6 on each sideꎻ stipules
simpleꎬ entireꎬ linearꎬ 2 - 3 mm longꎻ petiole
[2􀆰5 - 7􀆰5 (- 12)] mm longꎬ glabrous. Inflores ̄
cence terminalꎬ scorpioid paniculiformꎬ many ̄
floweredꎻ peduncles glabrousꎬ 3 - 5 cm longꎬ
slenderꎻ bracts linearꎬ 5 - 8 mm long. Flowers
on a rachis sessile for lateral ones and with short
pedicels for terminal onesꎬ distylousꎬ 5 ̄merousꎻ
bracteoles linearꎬ 2 - 3 mm long. Hypanthium
obconicalꎬ ca. 1􀆰5 mm longꎬ glabrousꎻ lobes
triangularꎬ smallꎬ ca. 0􀆰5 mm longꎬ glabrous.
Corolla salverformꎬ white or somewhat pinkishꎬ
glabrous abaxiallyꎬ tube 1 - 1􀆰5 cm longꎬ ca. 1 mm
wideꎻ lobes ellipticꎬ (2􀆰5 - 3) mm ×ca. 1􀆰 5 mmꎬ
apex acuteꎬ pubescent adaxiallyꎻ stamens 5ꎻ
anthers oblong ̄linearꎬ yellowꎬ dorsifixedꎻ filaments
linearꎻ stigma bilobed. Long ̄styled flowers: corolla
tube with a ring of hairs on throatꎻ stamens 3 -
4 mm longꎬ includedꎬ not exceeding to half the
corolla tubeꎬ anthers ca. 1􀆰5 mm longꎬ filaments
1􀆰5 - 2􀆰5 mm longꎬ adnate to the base of corolla
tubeꎻ styles 1􀆰5 - 2 cm longꎬ exsertedꎻ stigma
lobes capitateꎬ ca. 0􀆰3 mmꎬ purplish. Short ̄styled
flowers: corolla tube sparsely pubescent adaxiallyꎻ
stamens 5 - 5􀆰5 mm longꎬ exsertedꎬ anthers 1􀆰5 -
2 mm longꎬ filaments ca. 3􀆰5 mm longꎬ adnate to
the upper corolla tubeꎻ styles 3 - 5 mm longꎬ
includedꎻ stigma lobes linearꎬ 1􀆰5 - 2 mm long.
Capsules subgloboseꎬ 2 - 2􀆰8 mm in diam.ꎬ with
persistent calyx lobesꎻ valves erectꎬ not twisted
while dehiscence. Seeds ca. 0􀆰5 mm longꎬ manyꎬ
light brownishꎬ angular.
Distribution and habitat: Known only from the
type locality. It grows in a very limited shady
and moist area at the mouth of a karst cave. The
Table 1  Morphological comparison of Spiradiclis yangchunensis and S. howii
Characters S. yangchunensis S. howii
Stem Glabrous Subglabrous to densely pilose
Leaf Lanceolateꎬ apex acuteꎬ somewhat falcateꎬ basenarrowly attenuateꎬ glabrous
Lanceolate to ovateꎬ apex acuminateꎬ subfalcateꎬ base
cuneate to subroundedꎬ pubescent
Leaf size (cm) 4.6 - 7.5 (- 9) × 1 - 1.5 (- 2) (1.6 -) 2.7 - 10.3 × 0.8 - 3.3
Secondary veins 5 or 6 on each side (5 -) 6 - 8 (- 11) on each side
Stipule Simpleꎬ linearꎬ 2 - 3 mm longꎬ glabrous Simple or 2 ̄lobedꎬ linearꎬ 1.5 - 3.7 mm longꎬ pubescent
Inflorescence Terminalꎻ scorpioid paniculiformꎻ peduncles3 - 5 mm longꎬ glabrous
Terminalꎻ cymose inflorescenceꎻ peduncles 0.8 - 4.8 mm
longꎬ pubescent densely
Bracts Linearꎬ 5 - 8 mm long Linearꎬ 3.5 - 7.8 mm long
Bracteoles Linearꎬ 2 - 3 mm long Linearꎬ 1.6 - 3.2 mm long
Hypanthium lobes Triangularꎬ ca. 0.5 mm longꎬ glabrous Narrowly lanceolateꎬ (3 - 4.6) mm × ca. 0.5 mmꎬ pube ̄scent densely
Corolla Salverformꎬ corolla tube (1 - 1.5) cm × ca. 1 mm Salverformꎬ corolla tube (1 - 1.7) cm × ca. 1 mm
Long ̄styled flowers
Stamens 3 - 4 mm longꎬ adnate to the base of
corolla tubeꎬ not exceeding the half of the tubeꎻ
styles 1.8 - 2.1 cm long
Stamens ca. 0.4 mm longꎬ adnate to the middle of corolla
tubeꎻ styles ca. 1.4 cm long
Short ̄styled flowers Sparsely pubescent adaxiallyꎻ styles 3 - 5 mm long Densely pubescent adaxiallyꎻ styles ca. 7 mm long
Capsule Subgloboseꎬ 2 - 2.8 mm Subgloboseꎬ 2.5 - 4 mm
61 植 物 科 学 学 报 第 34卷 
associated plants are mainly Ctenitis subglandu ̄
losa (Hance) Chingꎬ Adiantum capillus ̄veneris
L.ꎬ and Ficus tinctoria G. Forst. subsp. gibbosa
(Bl.) Corner.
IUCN Conservation assessment: The number
of all Spiradiclis yangchunensis individuals is esti ̄
mated to be less than 200 within an area of less
than 400 m2 . The population is prone to the
effects of human activities or stochastic events in
an uncertain futureꎬ because the plants grow at
the roadside in Yangchun National Geoparkꎬ and
it is evaluated as Endangered (ENꎬ B2ab (ⅰꎬ
ⅲꎬ ⅳ)ꎻ D)ꎬ according to the IUCN Red List
Categories and Criteria[12] .
Phenology: Flowering in October to Novem ̄
ber and fruiting in November.
Additional specimens examined (paratypes):
CHINA. Guangdong Province: Yangchun Countyꎬ
Helang Townꎬ 10 November 2014ꎬ R.J. Wang
2916ꎬ short ̄styled flowers ( IBSC)ꎬ R.J. Wang
2918ꎬ in fruiting ( IBSC) .
Acknowledgements: The author is grateful to Dr.
PAN Boꎬ Guangxi Institute of Botanyꎬ Chinese Academy
of Sciencesꎬ for his kind help during the field investiga ̄
tionꎬ and to Ms. LIU Yun ̄Xiao for her excellent drawings.
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(责任编辑: 刘艳玲)
71  第 1期                        王瑞江: 茜草科螺序草属一新种———阳春螺序草(英文)