利用酶联免疫检测（ELISA）技术，研究了棉花细胞质雄性不育系、保持系、恢复系和杂种一代花药在造孢细胞增殖期、花粉母细胞减数分裂期、四分体至小孢子释放期、花粉发育期和花粉成熟期内源吲哚乙酸（IAA）、赤霉素（GA3）、玉米素核苷（ZR）和脱落酸（ABA）含量的动态变化。结果表明，在保持系、恢复系和杂种一代可育花药间内源激素含量差异不明显，但在可育与不育花药间差异显著。在IAA、GA3和ZR含量上，不育花药低于可育花药，但在ABA含量上，不育花药高于可育花药，这种差异在花粉母细胞减数分裂时期达最大值。根据内源激素的功能推测，不育花药IAA含量过低使花药淀粉积累受阻，GA3含量不足影响花粉母细胞和绒毡层细胞的膨大，过低的ZR含量使花粉母细胞不能分裂形成四分体，过高的ABA含量促进花粉母细胞退化和死亡。
Content of 4 Phytohormones, IAA, GA3, ZR and ABA, were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in anthers of cytoplasmic male sterile cotton and its maintainer, restorer and hybrid F1 during five development stages to study the relationship between male sterility and phytohormone changes. The results showed that the differences of IAA, GA3, ZR and ABA contents were not significant among the fertile anthers from maintainer, restorer and hybrid F1, but very significant between fertile and sterile anthers. Fertile anthers were higher in IAA, GA3 and ZR contents, but lower in ABA content than sterile anthers, especially at the abortion stage of pollen mother cells. According to abortion characteristics and hormone changes of sterile anther, it was suggested that IAA, GA3 and ZR deficiency might be associated respectively with the inhibition of starch grain accumulation, expansion-restraint of pollen mother cells and tapetal cells and no tetrad formed, and that abortion and even death of pollen mother cells and tapetal cells in sterile anther might be accelerated by high ABA accumulation.
全 文 ：