通过早打顶去边心和人工剪叶，研究了减库或减源对铃、叶光合产物运转分配的影响。结果表明，当棉铃发育受减库调节时，铃体积增大，铃重提高，而且对高品质棉科棉1号影响较大；花后40 d科棉1号叶片可溶性糖和淀粉含量分别比对照增加41.0%和4.1%，常规棉苏棉15分别比对照增加14.8%和77.3%；花后30日铃对位叶标记24 h后14C光合产物的输出，科棉1号增加17.6%，苏棉15增加6.8%；棉铃光合产物输入率，科棉1号比苏棉15增加3.6%；此外，铃柄韧皮部中全氮、可溶性糖增加；棉铃发育受叶源限制调节时，铃体积减小，铃重降低，而且对苏棉15影响大；叶片中可溶性糖和淀粉含量减少，全株去3/4叶处理花后40 d科棉1号分别比对照减少8.7%和28.4%；苏棉15分别减少23.6%和32.2%。叶片14C光合产物输出率和棉铃14C光合产物输入率均降低，其中又以苏棉15下降幅度大。铃柄韧皮部中全氮、可溶性糖也相应下降。因此，通过技术手段调节源库，可以促进高品质棉叶片光合产物向棉铃输送，进而提高铃重。
The objective of this study was to investigate the boll development and the boll-leaf photosynthetic products transportation and allocation. Using two cotton cultivars, one with conventional fiber quality (Sumian 15), another with high fiber quality (Kemian 1) at Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, China during the 2004 and 2005 growing seasons.
Two treatments of cutting top of main stem and all fruiting branches to decrease the boll sink, and three treatments of cutting off different ratio of each leaf in whole plant to restrict the boll development were designed.
In comparison with the control, in deceasing boll sink treatment, the boll volume increased and the boll weight enhanced. The leaf soluble sugar content and starch content increased by 41.0% and 4.1% respectively for Kemian 1, by 14.8% and 77.3% for Sumian 15 respectively at 40 days post-anthesis(DPA). The 14C assimilates exportation rate from leaf increased too, with 17.6% and 6.8% for Kemian 1 and Sumian 15 respectively at 24 h after labeling in 30 DPA. The 14C assimilates importation rate to boll enhanced, with 13.7% and 10.1% for Kemian 1 and Sumian 15 respectively. The total N and soluble sugar contents in phloem sap also increased for the two different cultivars. Compared with the control, in insufficient leaf source treatment, the boll volume decreased and the boll weight reduced. In the treatment of cutting 3/4 leaves area, the leaf soluble sugar content and starch content decreased by 1.36 mg g-1 and 2.69 mg g-1 respectively at 40 DPA for Kemian 1, by 3.69 mg g-1 and 3.05 mg g-1 respectively for Sumian 15. The exportation and importation rates of 14C assimilates decreased, especially for Sumian 15. The contents of total N and soluble sugar in phloem sap also decreased for the two cultivars. These results suggest that effective technique should be used to enhance the boll development by transporting more assimilates from leaves to bolls, enhancing the boll weight, and laying a good foundation for higher yield.
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