Abstract:Tow-row or six-row of kernel rows on a barley spike is an outstanding feature in barley morphology. Each node of the rachis on a barley spike has 3 spikelets, but only the central spikelet is fertile and 2 lateral spikelets are sterile in 2-row barley, while all 3 spikelets are fertile in 6-row barley. It can cause a considerable difference on agrinomic traits between 2 and 6-row barley cultivars. Generally speaking, there are more spikes per plant, larger, heavier and less kernels in 2-row barley cultivars, and more kernels and lower kernel weight in 6-row cultivars. In the present research, the trait performances and characteristics and characteristics of F1 hybrids in 4 cross types, i.e. 2-row×2-row, 2-row×6-row, 6-row×2-row and 6-row×6-row, were investigated, and the occurrence rates of Hh,which stands for the hybrid value exceeding the higher parent significantly(P‹0.05),were compared between between the homo-row mating group(2-row×2-row and 6-row×6-row hybrids)and hetero-row mating group(2-row×6-row and 6-row×2-row hybrids). 13barley quantitative traits, including plant height(PH),spike length excluding awns(SL),rachis internode length(RIL),spikes per plant (SP),kernels on main spike(KMS),kernels per spike(KPS), kernels per plant(KP), kernel weight per plant(KWP), dry matter weight per plant(SWP), kilograin weight(KW),kernel yield(KY), protein content(PC) and lysine content(LC), were evaluated for total of 63 hybrids and 17 parents in 2 randomized complete block trials each with 3 replications. The results and summarized as follows.