摘 要 :最近作者在鉴定部分云南木本植物中发现山毛榉科植物中我国从未记录过的一个属——三棱栎属,现加以报道如下: 三棱栎属Trigonbalanus Forman in Taxon 11:140.1962; et in Kew Bull.17(3):381.1964.乔木。三叶轮生具成对合生的叶柄间托叶,或叶互生具离生的托叶。花序穗状,自正常和退化两者叶的胶中生出,单性,雄花序位于下方而雌花序位于上方,或仅有雄花序,簇状,或为雌雄同序下方具雄花而上方具雌花。雄花序挺直或曲折。雄花:(1—)3—7朵簇生,每簇具1基生和2侧生苞片;花被具6个复瓦状裂片,裂片下部合生;雄蕊6,与花被裂片对生,花药大(如栎属Quercus),宽卵圆形,基部心形,近背着但不为丁字着,退化雄蕊缺失。雌花:单生或3(一7)朵簇生,两种情况下承以3枚苞片;花被有6个复瓦状裂片,裂片下部与子房合生且呈三棱状;退化雄蕊6,近似于正常雄蕊(有时具花粉);子房3室,胚珠每室2枚,自内角下垂;花柱3,弯曲,柱头头状。果为瘦果,三棱形,棱边具翅或圆形,内果皮内面被绒毛,败育胚珠伸长且顶生,壳斗开张,通常3或5裂,裂片镊合状,近轴1裂片经常退化,外面被有横向具齿的鳞片,包含1—3(一7)果。
Abstract:Recently, we have identified two ligneous specimens collected from Lan- tsang Xian, Sonthern Yunnan (o and fr., alt. 1080 m.tree, Dec. 24, 1978. coll. ign. 50), which are disposed in the Herbarium of Yunnan College of Silviculture, Kunming. These two specimens all belong to Trigonobalanus doi- changensis (A. Camus) Forman of Fagaceae.The genus Trigonobalanus Forman is not only as a new recorded genus in Chinese flora, but also as a key-genus in the phylogeny of that family.