Abstract:Nearly 30 species of Ligusticum occur in China. This paper deals with the petiolar anatomy of 21 species (25 samples) in the genus. The anatomical characters of 21 species are very diverse and listed in Table 1 and Plates I, II Comparing the petiolar anatomy of 8 populations belonging to 4 species, it is shown that the anatomical characters of petioles in Ligusticum possess certain stability except with some variations of numbers of vascular bundles within a species, and can be used as a useful taxonomical evidence.