全 文 :中草药 Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs 第 44 卷 第 23 期 2013 年 12 月
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银中杨落叶的化学成分及活性研究
王金兰,孙大鹏,吕伟强,李 军,赵 明,张树军
齐齐哈尔大学化学与化学工程学院,黑龙江 齐齐哈尔 161006
摘 要:目的 研究银中杨 Populus alba × P. berolinensis 落叶的化学成分及水杨苷衍生物对 SGC-7901 细胞的抑制活性。方
法 采用硅胶柱色谱和高效液相色谱等进行分离纯化,依据理化性质及波谱数据分析进行结构鉴定,利用 MTT 法对水杨苷
衍生物进行人胃癌 SGC-7901 细胞体外增殖的抑制活性实验。结果 从银中杨落叶中分离得到 16 个化合物,分别鉴定为颤
杨苷(1)、白杨苷(2)、3′-O-苯甲酰基水杨苷(3)、4′-O-苯甲酰基水杨苷(4)、水杨苷(5)、特里杨苷(6)、poliothrysin benzoate
(7)、邻苯二酚(8)、苯甲酸(9)、tremulacinol(10)、6′-O-苯甲酰基水杨苷-7-水杨酸酯(11)、水杨醇(12)、salicortin(13)、
7-O-乙酰基-3′-O-苯甲酰基水杨苷(14)、7-O-乙酰基-4′-O-苯甲酰基水杨苷(15)、6′-O-乙酰基-2′-O-苯甲酰基水杨苷(16)。
MTT 实验表明,特里杨苷类衍生物化合物 7、11~13 对 SGC-7901 细胞体外增殖均显示一定抑制活性,IC50分别为 71.0、122.5、
212.7、257.8 μmol/L。结论 化合物 4、7、10、11、14~16 为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物 7 对人胃癌 SGC-7901 细胞
体外增殖具有抑制作用。
关键词:银中杨;白杨苷;水杨苷;特里杨苷;水杨醇;7-O-乙酰基-3′-O-苯甲酰基水杨苷
中图分类号:R284.1 文献标志码:A 文章编号:0253 - 2670(2013)23 - 3276 - 06
DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2013.23.005
Chemical constituents from fallen leaves of Populus alba × P. berolinensis
WANG Jin-lan, SUN Da-peng, LV Wei-qiang, LI Jun, ZHAO Ming, ZHANG Shu-jun
Institute of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China
Abstract: Objective To study the chemical constituents from the fallen leaves of Populus alba × P. berolinensis and the inhibitory
activity of salicin derivatives against SGC-7901 cell. Methods The chemical constituents were isolated and purified on the basis of silica
gel column chromatography and HPLC. The structural elucidation was performed according to the physicochemical properties and
spectroscopic analysis. The inhibitory activity of salicin derivatives on human gastric carcinoma cells SGC-7901 in vitro proliferation was
determined by MTT method. Results Sixteen compounds were isolated and identified as tremuloidin (1), populin (2), chaenomeloidin
(3), 4′-O-benzoylsalicin (4), salicin (5), tremulacin (6), poliothrysin benzoate (7), catechol (8), benzoic acid (9), tremulacinol (10),
6′-O-benzoylsalicin-7-salicylate (11), salicylol (12), salicortin (13), 7-O-acetyl-3′-O-benzoylsalicin (14), 7-O-acetyl-4′-O-benzoylsalicin
(15), and 6′-O-acetyl-2′-O-benzoylsalicin (16), respectively. The inhibitory activity of compounds 7 and 11—13 on the in vitro
proliferation of SGC-7901 cell was indicated by MTT and IC50 values were 71.0, 122.5, 212.7, and 257.8 μmol/L. Conclusion
Compounds 4, 7, 10, 11, 14—16 are isolated from this plant for the first time. Compound 7 shows the inhibitory activity against SGC-7901
in vitro proliferation.
Key words: Populus alba × P. berolinensis L.; populin; salicin; tremulacin; salicylol; 7-O-acetyl-3′-O-benzoylsalicin
杨属植物在我国古代就作药用,具有抗菌、抗
炎、镇痛、抗病毒、对心血管系统的保护作用等多
种药理活性,用于治疗肝炎、痢疾、淋浊、咳嗽痰
喘等症[1]。银中杨 Populus alba × P. berolinensis L.
属白杨派与黑杨派派间杂种,具有适应性强、不飞
絮、抗寒、耐旱、抗病虫害等优点,是城市绿化、
美化、防风、防砂用林以及用材林的理想树种,在
我国东北和内蒙古等地得到了广泛种植,由于杨树
具有树冠大、枝条生长速度快、树叶大而密等特点,
树叶资源丰富。为进一步开发银中杨树叶资源的应
用途径,在对夏季采集银中杨树叶化学成分进行研
究的基础上[2],本实验将初冬采集的银中杨落叶用
水煮提取,提取液依次用醋酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取,
制得萃取物,并分别对 2 种溶剂萃取物的化学成分
收稿日期:2013-08-23
作者简介:王金兰(1964—),女,副教授,研究方向为生药资源与开发。E-mail: jinlwang@163.com
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进行研究,从中分离得到 16 个化合物,分别鉴定为
颤杨苷(tremuloidin,1)、白杨苷(populin,2)、3′-O-
苯甲酰基水杨苷(chaenomeloidin,3)、4′-O-苯甲酰
基水杨苷(4′-O-benzoylsalicin,4)、水杨苷(salicin,
5)、特里杨苷(tremulacin,6)、poliothrysin benzoate
(7)、邻苯二酚(catechol,8)、苯甲酸(benzoic acid,
9)、tremulacinol(10)、6′-O-苯甲酰基水杨苷-7-水
杨酸酯(6′-O-benzoylsalicin-7-salicylate,11)、水杨
醇(salicylol,12)、salicortin(13)、7-O-乙酰基-3′-O-
苯甲酰基水杨苷(7-O-acetyl-3′-O-benzoylsalicin,
14)、7-O-乙酰基-4′-O-苯甲酰基水杨苷(7-O-acetyl-
4′-O-benzoylsalicin,15)、6′-O-乙酰基-2′-O-苯甲酰
基水杨苷(6′-O-acetyl-2′-O-benzoylsalicin,16)。其
中化合物 4、7、10、11、14~16 为首次从该植物中
分离得到;利用 MTT 法对水杨苷和特里杨苷类化
合物进行人胃癌细胞 SGC-7901 体外增殖的抑制活
性实验,结果表明水杨苷及其苯甲酸酯类没有活性,
而特里杨苷类化合物苯甲酰基连接位置对人胃癌
SGC-7901 细胞体外增殖抑制活性具有较大影响。
1 材料与仪器
X—6 显微熔点测定仪(北京泰克仪器有限公
司);Magna FTIR—750 型傅里叶变换红外光谱仪
(美国 Nicolet 公司);上海精科实业有限公司,
WFH—204B 型紫外分光光度计;Bruker AM—400
型核磁共振波谱仪;美国鲁道夫公司 Autopol V 型
旋光仪;高效液相色谱仪:Hitachi L—7100 泵,
Hitachi L—3350 示差折光检测器,GL Scirnces Inc.
Inertsil PREP-ODS Φ 10 mm×250 mm 不锈钢柱;柱
色谱用硅胶(200~300 目,青岛海洋化工厂),薄
层色谱硅胶板(烟台化工厂)。
银中杨落叶,2010 年 11 月 12 日采集于齐齐哈
尔大学校园,经齐齐哈尔大学沙伟教授鉴定为银中
杨 Populus alba × P. berolinensis L.,标本(PB-
20101112)收藏于齐齐哈尔大学天然产物研究室。
2 提取和分离
干燥银中杨落叶 2.0 kg,加入 12 L 水煮沸,保
温 1.0 h,冷却至室温滤过,重复 3 次。合并水煮液
并浓缩至 500 mL 左右,每次用醋酸乙酯 1.0 L 萃取,
共 3 次,合并醋酸乙酯层浓缩得醋酸乙酯萃取物
54.1 g。醋酸乙酯萃取后的水层每次用正丁醇 1.0 L
萃取,共 3 次,合并正丁醇层浓缩得正丁醇萃取物
120.9 g。醋酸乙酯萃取物 54.1 g 经多次硅胶柱色谱、
半制备 HPLC 等分离操作,得化合物 1(54.0 mg)、
2(0.9 g)、3(3.3 g)、5(0.9 g)、6(15.1 mg)、7
(74.9 mg)、8(6.9 g)、9(28.1 mg)、10(16.9 mg)、
11(32.4 mg)、12(32.5 mg)、13(68.8 mg)、14
(50.6 mg)。正丁醇萃取物 20.0 g 经多次硅胶柱色
谱、半制备 HPLC 等分离操作,得化合物 4(32.4
mg)、5(3.6 g)、15(30.0 mg)、16(24.1 mg)。
3 结构鉴定
化合物 1:白色颗粒(EtOAc),mp 199.2~
201.5 ℃; KBrmaxIR ν (cm−1): 3 414 (-OH), 1 717 (C = O);
[α]17D +16° (c 1.25, MeOH); MeOHmaxUV λ (nm): 234, 270。
1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 7.97 (2H, d, J = 8.0
Hz, H-2′′, 6′′), 7.65 (1H, t, J = 8.0 Hz, H-4′′), 7.52
(2H, t, J = 8.0 Hz, H-3′′, 5′′), 7.31 (1H, d, J = 7.4 Hz,
H-3), 7.17 (1H, t, J = 7.4 Hz, H-5), 7.08 (1H, d, J =
7.4 Hz, H-6), 6.98 (1H, t, J = 7.42 Hz, H-4), 5.49 (1H,
d, J = 5.7 Hz, 3′-OH), 5.34 (1H, d, J = 5.5 Hz, 4′-OH),
5.25 (1H, d, J = 7.6 Hz, H-1′), 5.06 (1H, dd, J = 9.5,
8.1 Hz, H-2′), 4.88 (1H, t, J = 5.7 Hz, 7-OH), 4.71
(1H, t, J = 5.3 Hz, 6′-OH), 4.37 (1H, dd, J = 15.1, 5.7
Hz, H-7a), 4.10 (1H, dd, J = 15.1, 5.7 Hz, H-7b),
3.80~3.30 (5H, m, H-3′~6′);13C-NMR (100 MHz,
DMSO-d6) δ: 165.5 (C-7′′), 153.8 (C-1), 133.8 (C-4′′),
131.6 (C-2), 130.3 (C-1′′), 129.7 (C-2′′, 6′′), 129.2
(C-3′′, 5′′), 127.8 (C-5), 126.8 (C-3), 122.4 (C-4), 114.4
(C-6), 98.7 (C-1′), 77.7 (C-5′), 74.7 (C-2′), 74.3 (C-3′),
70.4 (C-4′), 61.0 (C-6′), 58.7 (C-7)。以上数据与文献报
道一致[2],故鉴定化合物 1 为颤杨苷。
化合物 2:白色针晶(EtOAc),mp 218.5~220.0
℃; KBrmaxIR ν (cm−1): 3 406 (-OH);1 720 (C = O);[α]17D
−28.0° (c 1.25, MeOH); MeOHmaxUV λ (nm): 232, 274。1H-
NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 7.99 (2H, brd, J = 8.0
Hz, H-2′′, 6′′), 7.68 (1H, t, J = 8.0 Hz, H-4′), 7.56 (2H,
t, J = 8.0 Hz, H-3′′, 5′′), 7.35 (1H, brd, J = 7.0 Hz,
H-3), 7.06 (1H, t, J = 7.0 Hz, H-5), 6.98 (1H, brd, J =
7.0 Hz, H-6), 7.02 (1H, t, J = 7.7 Hz, H-4), 5.48 (1H,
d, J = 4.3 Hz, 4′-OH), 5.41 (1H, d, J = 4.4 Hz, 3′-OH),
5.27 (1H, brs, H-2′), 4.98 (1H, t, J = 5.2 Hz, 7-OH),
4.85 (1H, d, J = 6.8 Hz, H-1′), 4.63 (2H, m, H-6′,
H-7), 4.45 (1H, dd, J = 14.4, 6.0 Hz, H-7), 4.30 (1H,
dd, J = 11.6, 7.6 Hz, H-6′), 3.77 (1H, t, J = 8.0 Hz,
H-4′), 3.50~3.20 (3H, m, H-2′, 3′, 5′);13C-NMR (100
MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 165.9 (C-7′′), 154.7 (C-1), 133.8
(C-4′′), 131.9 (C-2), 130.1 (C-1′′), 129.6 (C-2′′, 6′′),
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129.1 (C-3′′, 5′′), 127.7 (C-5), 127.6 (C-3), 122.2
(C-4), 115.0 (C-6), 101.4 (C-1′), 76.7 (C-3′), 74.2
(C-5′), 73.7 (C-2′), 70.6 (C-4′), 64.7 (C-6′), 58.6
(C-7)。以上数据与文献报道一致[2],故鉴定化合物
2 为白杨苷。
化合物 3:白色针晶(EtOAc),mp 192.3~193.6
℃;[α]17D −35.2° (c 1.25, MeOH); MeOHmaxUV λ (nm): 233,
274。1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 8.04 (2H, brd,
J = 7.1 Hz, H-2′′, 6′′), 7.67 (1H, t, J = 7.1 Hz, H-4′),
7.55 (2H, t, J = 7.1 Hz, H-3′′, 5′′), 7.38 (1H, d, J = 7.7
Hz, H-3), 7.21 (1H, t, J = 7.7 Hz, H-5), 7.13 (1H, brd,
J = 7.7 Hz, H-6), 7.02 (1H, t, J = 7.7 Hz, H-4), 5.68
(1H, d, J = 5.7 Hz, 4′-OH), 5.34 (1H, d, J = 5.5 Hz,
2′-OH), 5.17 (1H, t, J = 8.9 Hz, H-3′), 5.02 (1H, d, J =
7.6 Hz, H-1′), 5.01 (1H, t, J = 5.8 Hz, 7-OH), 4.70
(1H, t, J = 5.4 Hz, 6′-OH), 4.64 (1H, dd, J = 14.4, 5.8
Hz, H-7), 4.48 (1H, dd, J = 14.4, 5.8 Hz, H-7), 3.80~
3.30 (5H, m, H-2′~6′);13C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d6)
δ: 165.8 (C-7′′), 154.7 (C-1), 133.5 (C-4′′), 132.0
(C-2), 130.8 (C-1′′), 129.8 (C-2′′, 6′′), 129.0 (C-3′′,
5′′), 128.1 (C-5), 127.6 (C-3), 122.4 (C-4), 115.1
(C-6), 101.2 (C-1′), 78.9 (C-3′), 77.1 (C-5′), 71.9
(C-2′), 68.0 (C-4′), 60.8 (C-6′), 58.6 (C-7)。以上数据
与文献报道一致[2],故鉴定化合物 3 为 3′-O-苯甲酰
基水杨苷。
化合物 4:白色针晶(EtOAc),mp 192.0~
192.5 ℃; KBrmaxIR ν (cm−1): 3 414 (-OH), 1 717 (C=O);
[α]17D +18.2° (c 1.25, MeOH); MeOHmaxUV λ (nm): 234,
273。1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 8.09 (2H, d,
J = 8.1 Hz, H-2″, 6″), 7.64 (1H, t, J = 8.1 Hz, H-4″),
7.52 (2H, t, J = 8.1 Hz, H-3″, 5″), 7.38 (1H, d, J = 7.8
Hz, H-3), 7.29 (1H, t, J = 7.8 Hz, H-5), 7.28 (1H, d,
J = 7.8 Hz, H-6), 7.07 (1H, t, J = 7.8 Hz, H-4), 5.15
(1H, t, J = 7.4 Hz, H-4′), 5.01 (1H, d, J = 7.6 Hz,
H-1′), 4.81 (1H, d, J = 13.0 Hz, H-7), 4.61 (1H, d, J =
13.0 Hz, H-7), 3.50~3.20 (5H, m, H-2′, 3′, 5′, 6′);
13C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 165.9 (C-7″),
155.6 (C-1), 133.1 (C-4″), 130.8 (C-2), 129.8 (C-1″),
129.4 (C-2″, 6″), 128.6 (C-5), 128.5 (C-3), 128.2
(C-3″, 5″), 122.5 (C-4), 115.8 (C-6), 105.5 (C-1′), 74.8
(C-3′), 74.4 (C-5′), 73.9 (C-2′), 71.4 (C-4′), 60.8
(C-6′), 59.5 (C-7)。以上数据与文献报道基本一致[3],
故鉴定化合物 4 为 4′-O-苯甲酰基水杨苷。
化合物 5:白色针状晶体(MeOH),mp 215.4~
217 ℃; KBrmaxIR ν (cm−1): 3 367 (-OH), 1 589, 1 494,
1 454 (Ph);[α]17D −47.2° (c 1.25, MeOH)。1H-NMR
(400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 7.36 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz,
H-3), 7.20 (1H, t, J = 7.8 Hz, H-5), 7.09 (1H, d, J =
7.8 Hz, H-6), 7.01 (1H, t, J = 7.8 Hz, H-4), 5.35 (1H,
d, J = 4.6 Hz, 4′-OH), 5.08 (1H, d, J = 4.3 Hz, 3′-OH),
5.02 (1H, d, J = 5.3 Hz, 2′-OH), 4.98 (1H, t, J = 5.9
Hz, 7-OH), 4.76 (1H, d, J = 7.6 Hz, H-1′), 4.65 (1H,
dd, J = 14.4, 6.4 Hz, H-7), 4.57 (1H, t, J = 5.6 Hz,
6′-OH), 4.45 (1H, dd, J = 14.4, 6.4 Hz, H-7), 3.71
(1H, m, H-6′), 3.48 (1H, m, H-6′), 3.38~3.15 (4H, m,
H-2′~5′);13C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 155.2
(C-1), 132.3 (C-2), 128.2 (C-5), 127.7 (C-3), 122.2
(C-4), 115.3 (C-6), 101.9 (C-1′), 83.1 (C-5′), 82.4
(C-3′), 73.9 (C-2′), 70.2 (C-4′), 61.3 (C-6′), 58.7
(C-7)。以上数据与文献报道一致[2],故鉴定化合物
5 为水杨苷。
化合物 6:白色针晶(EtOAc),mp 94.2~95.1
℃; KBrmaxIR ν (cm−1): 3 429 (-OH), 1 723 (C = O);[α]17D
−51.2° (c 1.25, MeOH); MeOHmaxUV λ (nm): 231, 273。1H-
NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 8.11 (2H, d, J = 7.8 Hz,
H-2′′′, 6′′′), 7.60 (1H, t, J = 7.8 Hz, H-4′′′), 7.47 (2H, t,
J = 7.8 Hz, H-3′′′, 5′′′), 7.35 (1H, t, J = 7.8 Hz, H-5),
7.33 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz, H-3), 7.10 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz,
H-6), 7.05 (1H, t, J = 7.8 Hz, H-4), 6.08 (1H, m,
H-3′′), 5.77 (1H, dd, J = 9.8, 1.7 Hz, H-2′′), 5.37 (1H,
d, J = 11.8 Hz, H-7), 5.25 (1H, m, H-2′), 5.23 (1H, d,
J = 11.8 Hz, H-7), 5.10 (1H, d, J = 7.6 Hz, H-1′),
4.00~3.15 (5H, m, H-3′~6′), 2.87 (1H, m, H-5′′),
2.65 (1H, m, H-4′′), 2.59 (1H, m, H-5′′), 2.50 (1H, m,
H-4′′);13C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 205.9 (C-6′′),
170.1 (C-7′′), 168.8 (C-7′′′), 155.5 (C-1), 133.6
(C-4′′′), 132.2 (C-3′′), 131.1 (C-5), 130.8 (C-3), 130.1
(C-2′′′,6′′′), 130.0 (C-1′′′), 128.5 (C-3′′′, 5′′′), 127.4
(C-2′′), 124.2 (C-6), 123.0 (C-4), 115.2 (C-2), 101.1
(C-1′), 78.8 (C-1′′, 5′), 76.1 (C-3′), 72.0 (C-2′), 69.4
(C-4′), 62.2 (C-7), 62.1 (C-6′), 35.2 (C-5′′), 26.8
(C-4′′)。以上数据与文献报道一致[2],故鉴定化合物
6 为特里杨苷。
化合物 7:白色针晶(EtOAc),mp 76.6~78.7
℃; KBrmaxIR ν (cm−1): 3 430 (-OH), 1 721 (C = O);[α]17D
−106.4° (c 1.25, MeOH); MeOHmaxUV λ (nm): 232, 274。
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1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 8.00 (2H, d, J = 7.6
Hz, H-2″, 6″), 7.51 (1H, t, J = 7.6 Hz, H-4″), 7.38
(2H, t, J = 7.6 Hz, H-3″, 5″), 7.19 (1H, d, J = 7.6 Hz,
H-3), 7.07 (1H, t, J = 7.6 Hz, H-5), 7.05 (1H, d, J =
7.6 Hz, H-6), 6.94 (1H, t, J = 7.6 Hz, H-4), 5.99 (1H,
m, H-5′′′), 5.75 (1H, t, J = 9.8 Hz, H-6′′′), 5.29 (1H, d,
J = 12.0 Hz, H-7a), 5.19 (1H, d, J = 12.0 Hz, H-7b),
4.91 (1H, d, J = 7.6 Hz, H-1′), 4.72 (1H, d, J = 7.6 Hz,
H-6′), 4.48 (1H, m, H-6′), 3.81 (2H, m, H-2′, 3′), 3.74
(1H, t, J = 7.6 Hz, H-5′), 3.66 (1H, t, J = 7.6, H-4′),
2.78 (1H, m, H-3′′′), 2.54 (1H, m, H-4′′′), 2.49 (1H, m,
H-3′′′), 2.38 (1H, m, H-4′′′);13C-NMR (100 MHz,
CDCl3) δ: 206.2 (C-2′′′), 172.0 (C-7′′′), 166.8 (C-7″),
155.7 (C-1), 133.3 (C-4″), 132.3 (C-5′′′), 130.7 (C-3),
130.5 (C-5), 130.0 (C-1″), 129.9 (C-2″, 6″), 128.5
(C-3″, 5″), 127.7 (C-6′′′), 124.5 (C-2), 123.8 (C-4),
115.7 (C-6), 100.9 (C-1′), 78.5 (C-1′′′), 76.4 (C-3′),
74.1 (C-5′), 73.6 (C-2′), 70.5 (C-4′), 64.4 (C-7), 64.2
(C-6′), 35.4 (C-3′′′), 26.7 (C-4′′′)。以上数据与文献报
道一致[4],故鉴定化合物 7 为 poliothrysin benzoate。
化合物 8:无色片状晶体(EtOAc),mp 104~
105 ℃;三氯化铁反应显墨绿色。1H-NMR (400
MHz, CDCl3) δ: 6.87 (2H, m, H-3, 6), 6.81 (2H, m,
H-4, 5), 5.18 (2H, s, Ar-OH);13C-NMR (100 MHz,
CDCl3) δ: 145.5 (C-1, 2), 119.3 (C-4, 5), 115.7 (C-3,
6)。以上数据与文献报道一致[2],故鉴定化合物 8
为邻苯二酚。
化合物 9:无色片状晶体(EtOAc),mp 121~
122 ℃。1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 8.13 (2H, d,
J = 7.6 Hz, H-2, H-6), 7.62 (1H, t, J = 7.6 Hz, H-4),
7.49 (2H, t, J = 7.6 Hz, H-3, 5)。以上数据与苯甲酸对
照品的谱图完全一致,故鉴定化合物 9 为苯甲酸。
化合物 10:白色针晶(EtOAc),mp 94.2~95.1
℃; KBrmaxIR ν (cm−1): 3 429 (-OH), 1723 (C=O);[α]17D
−51.2° (c 1.25, MeOH); MeOHmaxUV λ (nm): 231, 273。1H-
NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 8.13 (2H, d, J = 7.8 Hz,
H-2″, 6″), 7.63 (1H, t, J = 7.8 Hz, H-4″), 7.51 (2H, t,
J = 7.8 Hz, H-3″, 5″), 7.40 (1H, d, J = 7.4 Hz, H-3),
7.34 (1H, t, J = 7.4 Hz, H-5), 7.26 (1H, d, J = 7.4 Hz,
H-6), 7.04 (1H, t, J = 7.4 Hz, H-4), 5.91 (1H, m,
H-5′′′), 5.57 (1H, t, J = 9.2 Hz, H-6′′′), 5.34 (1H, d, J =
9.2 Hz, H-7), 5.32 (1H, m, H-2′), 5.30 (1H, d, J = 7.6
Hz, H-1′), 5.15 (1H, d, J = 9.2 Hz, H-7), 3.93 (1H, d,
J = 9.2 Hz, H-6′), 3.86 (1H, dd, J = 6.3, 3.8 Hz,
H-2′′′), 3.82 (1H, t, J = 7.9 Hz, H-3′), 3.78 (1H, m,
H-6′), 3.77 (1H, m, H-4′), 3.62 (1H, m, H-5′), 2.21
(1H, m, H-4′′′), 2.12 (1H, m, H-4′′′), 2.07 (1H, m,
H-3′′′), 1.88 (1H, m, H-3′′′);13C-NMR (100 MHz,
CD3OD) δ: 174.6 (C-7′′′), 167.8 (C-7″), 156.7 (C-1),
134.2 (C-4″), 132.1 (C-6′′′), 131.7 (C-1″), 130.8 (C-2″,
6″), 130.7 (C-5), 129.9 (C-2″, 6″), 129.5 (C-3″, 5″),
127.5 (C-5′′′), 126.6 (C-2), 123.5 (C-4), 116.4 (C-6),
102.5 (C-1′), 79.4 (C-5′), 78.9 (C-2′), 77.0 (C-1′′′),
74.7 (C-2′′′), 73.3 (C-3′), 69.5 (C-4′), 65.8 (C-7), 62.2
(C-6′), 27.0 (C-4′′′), 24.0 (C-3′′′)。以上数据与文献报
道一致[5],故鉴定化合物 10 为 tremulacinol。
化合物 11:浅黄色脂状物。1H-NMR (400 MHz,
CD3OD) δ: 8.01 (2H, d, J = 7.6 Hz, H-2″, 6″), 7.80
(1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz, H-6′′′), 7.62 (1H, t, J = 7.6 Hz,
H-4″), 7.59 (3H, m, H-3″, 5″, 4′′′), 7.57 (1H, m,
H-5′′′), 7.14 (1H, m, H-3′′′), 7.11 (1H, d, J = 7.6 Hz,
H-3), 7.02 (1H, t, J = 7.6 Hz, H-4), 6.91 (1H, d, J =
7.6 Hz, H-6), 6.81 (1H, t, J = 7.6 Hz, H-5), 5.63 (1H,
d, J = 9.2 Hz, H-7), 5.57 (1H, d, J = 9.2 Hz, H-7), 4.88
(1H, d, J = 7.4 Hz, H-1′), 4.35 (1H, m, H-6′), 4.15
(1H, m, H-6′), 3.80~3.00 (4H, m, H-2′~5′);13C-
NMR (100 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 170.0 (C-7′′′), 166.9
(C-7″), 161.5 (C-1′′′), 155.3 (C-1), 135.9 (C-4′′′),
133.3 (C-4″), 130.2 (C-3), 130.0 (C-5, 2″, 6″), 129.9
(C-6′′′), 129.8 (C-1″), 128.5 (C-3″, 5″), 125.2 (C-2),
123.1 (C-4), 119.4 (C-5′′′), 117.7 (C-3′′′), 116.0 (C-6),
112.5 (C-2′′′), 101.7 (C-1′), 76.4 (C-5′), 74.3 (C-3′),
73.6 (C-2′), 64.2 (C-7), 62.2 (C-6′)。以上数据与文献
报道基本一致[6],故鉴定化合物 11 为 6′-O-苯甲酰
基水杨苷-7-水杨酸酯。
化合物 12:白色颗粒(EtOAc),mp 84.1~86.6
℃。1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 9.28 (1H, s,
Ar-OH), 7.28 (1H, d, J = 7.4 Hz, H-6), 7.03 (1H, t, J =
7.4 Hz, H-4), 6.77 (1H, t, J = 7.4 Hz, H-5), 6.74 (1H,
t, J = 7.4 Hz, H-3), 4.93 (1H, t, J = 4.4 Hz, 7-OH),
4.47 (2H, d, J = 4.4 Hz, H-7);13C-NMR (100 MHz,
DMSO-d6) δ: 154.6 (C-2), 129.0 (C-6), 127.8 (C-1,
C-4), 119.1 (C-5), 115.0 (C-3), 58.7 (C-7)。以上数据
与文献报道一致[2],故鉴定化合物 12 为水杨醇。
化合物 13:白色针晶(EtOAc),mp 84.9~86.3
℃; KBrmaxIR ν (cm−1): 3 419 (-OH), 1 723 (C=O);
中草药 Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs 第 44 卷 第 23 期 2013 年 12 月
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MeOH
maxUV λ (nm): 226, 273 。 1H-NMR (400 MHz,
CDCl3) δ: 7.22 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, H-3), 7.20 (1H, t,
J = 8.0 Hz, H-5), 7.02 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, H-6), 6.96
(1H, t, J = 8.0 Hz, H-4), 5.98 (1H, m, H-5″), 5.70 (1H,
d, J = 9.6 Hz, H-6″), 5.26 (1H, d, J = 12.0 Hz, H-7),
5.13 (1H, d, J = 12.0 Hz, H-7), 4.88 (1H, d, J = 7.6
Hz, H-1′), 3.80~3.20 (6H, m, H-2′~6′), 2.80 (1H, m,
H-3″), 2.60~2.30 (3H, m, H-3″, 4″);13C- NMR (100
MHz, CDCl3) δ: 206.2 (C-2″), 170.1 (C-7″), 155.4
(C-1), 132.1 (C-6″), 130.1 (C-5), 129.8 (C-5″), 127.6
(C-3), 122.5 (C-4), 115.6 (C-6), 101.0 (C-1′), 78.3
(C-1″), 78.2 (C-5′), 75.9 (C-3′), 73.3 (C-2′), 69.8
(C-4′), 64.1 (C-4′), 61.0 (C-7), 35.4 (C-3″), 26.4
(C-4″)。以上数据与文献报道一致[7],故鉴定化合物
13 为 salicortin。
化合物 14:白色针晶(EtOAc),mp 98.2~100.1
℃; KBrmaxIR ν (cm−1): 3 439 (-OH), 1 743 (C=O)。1H-
NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3), δ 8.12 (2H, d, J = 7.8 Hz,
H-2″, 6″), 7.62 (1H, t, J = 7.8 Hz, H-4″), 7.48 (2H, t,
J = 7.8 Hz, H-3″, 5″), 7.37 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, H-3),
7.35 (1H, t, J = 8.0 Hz, H-5), 7.14 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz,
H-6), 7.09 (1H, t, J = 8.0 Hz, H-4), 5.06 (1H, d, J =
12.0 Hz, H-7), 5.05 (1H, t, J = 8.1 Hz, H-3′), 5.04 (1H,
d, J = 12.0 Hz, H-7), 5.00 (1H, d, J = 7.6 Hz, H-1′),
3.90 (1H, d, J = 9.2 Hz, H-6′), 3.80 (1H, dd, J = 9.2,
7.6 Hz, H-6′), 3.59 (1H, m, H-2′), 3.58 (1H, m, H-5′),
3.53 (1H, m, H-4′), 2.01 (3H, s, -OAc);13C-NMR (100
MHz, CDCl3) δ: 171.6 (-OAc), 167.5 (C-7″), 155.5
(C-1), 133.4 (C-4″), 130.5 (C-2), 130.2 (C-1′), 130.0
(C-2″, 6″), 129.5 (C-5, 3″, 5″), 125.4 (C-3), 123.0
(C-4), 115.6 (C-6), 102.0 (C-1′), 78.1 (C-5′), 76.0
(C-2′), 72.0 (C-3′), 69.2 (C-4′), 62.0 (C-6′), 61.5 (C-7),
21.0 (-OAc)。以上数据与文献报道一致[5],故鉴定
化合物 14 为 7-O-乙酰基-3′-O-苯甲酰基水杨苷。
化合物 15:白色针晶(EtOAc),mp 102.1~103.6
℃; KBrmaxIR ν (cm−1): 3 418 (-OH), 1 741 (C=O)。1H-
NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 8.10 (2H, d, J = 7.8 Hz,
H-2″, 6″), 7.61 (1H, t, J = 7.8 Hz, H-4″), 7.46 (2H, t,
J = 7.8 Hz, H-3″, 5″), 7.37 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, H-3),
7.33 (1H, t, J = 8.0 Hz, H-5), 7.12 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz,
H-6), 7.05 (1H, t, J = 8.0 Hz, H-4), 5.08 (1H, d, J =
11.9 Hz, H-7), 5.06 (1H, t, J = 8.2 Hz, H-4′), 5.04 (1H,
d, J = 11.9 Hz, H-7), 5.01 (1H, d, J = 7.6 Hz, H-1′),
3.92 (1H, d, J = 9.6 Hz, H-6′), 3.80 (1H, dd, J = 9.6,
7.4 Hz, H-6′), 3.62 (1H, m, H-2′), 3.58 (1H, m, H-5′),
3.55 (1H, m, H-4′), 2.01 (3H, s, -OAc);13C-NMR (100
MHz, CDCl3) δ: 171.5 (-OAc), 167.2 (C-7″), 155.6
(C-1), 133.7 (C-4″), 130.8 (C-2), 130.4 (C-1′), 130.0
(C-2″, 6″), 128.5 (C-3″, 5″), 128.3 (C-5), 125.5 (C-3),
124.0 (C-4), 116.0 (C-6), 102.1 (C-1′), 78.1 (C-5′),
76.2 (C-2′), 72.1 (C-3′), 69.5 (C-4′), 62.5 (C-6′), 61.7
(C-7), 21.0 (-OAc)。以上数据与文献报道一致[5],故
鉴定化合物 15 为 7-O-乙酰基-4′-O-苯甲酰基水杨苷。
化合物 16:白色针晶(EtOAc),mp 106.5~107.0
℃; KBrmaxIR ν (cm−1): 3 445 (-OH), 1 746 (C=O)。1H-
NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 8.11 (2H, d, J = 7.7 Hz,
H-2″, 6″), 7.61 (1H, t, J = 7.7 Hz, H-4″), 7.46 (2H, t,
J = 7.7 Hz, H-3″, 5″), 7.33 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, H-3),
7.25 (1H, t, J = 8.0 Hz, H-5), 7.20 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz,
H-6), 7.09 (1H, t, J = 8.0 Hz, H-4), 5.15 (1H, t, J = 8.1
Hz, H-2′), 4.90 (1H, d, J = 7.6 Hz, H-1′), 4.87 (1H, d,
J = 13.0 Hz, H-7), 4.52 (1H, d, J = 9.2 Hz, H-6′), 4.49
(1H, d, J = 13.0 Hz, H-7), 4.46 (1H, dd, J = 9.2, 7.6
Hz, H-6′), 3.80 (1H, m, H-3′), 3.75 (1H, m, H-5′), 3.53
(1H, m, H-4′), 2.15 (3H, s, -OAc);13C-NMR (100
MHz, CDCl3) δ: 171.4 (-OAc), 167.7 (C-7″), 157.0
(C-1), 133.6 (C-4″), 130.7 (C-2), 130.0 (C-2″, 6″),
129.9 (C-1′), 129.7 (C-5), 129.2 (C-3), 128.5 (C-3″,
5″), 123.5 (C-4), 116.9 (C-6), 103.2 (C-1′), 78.2
(C-3′), 74.2 (C-5′), 72.3 (C-2′), 69.0 (C-4′), 63.1
(C-6′), 61.9 (C-7), 20.8 (-OAc)。以上数据与文献报
道一致[5],故鉴定化合物 16 为 6′-O-乙酰基-2′-O-苯
甲酰基水杨苷。
4 生物活性测试
采用 MTT 法对化合物 1、4、5、7、11~13 进
行人胃癌细胞 SGC-7901 体外增殖的抑制作用实
验,结果表明,特里杨苷类衍生物化合物 7、11~
13 均显一定的活性,其 IC50 值分别为 71.0、122.5、
212.7、257.8 μmol/L,其中化合物 7 的活性最强。
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