全 文 :2016
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Vol41,No.6 March,2016
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SteroidalsaponinsandtheirpharmacologicalactivitiesinSolanumplants
CHENFangfang,ZHANGYuwei,HUANGXuefeng
(DepartmentofNaturalMedicinalChemistry,ChinaPharmaceuticalUniversity,Nanjing211198,China)
[Abstract] ThegenusSolanumwhichisthelargestgenusinSolanaceaeconsistsofmorethan2000species,mostofthemaredis
tributedintropicsandsubtropicsareas,andonlyasmalamountintemperateregionsthroughouttheworldSteroidalsaponinscouldbe
foundinmanyspeciesoftheSolanum,andtheyareanimportantgroupofnaturalproductsexhbitinganumberofpotentbeneficent
properties,suchasantitumor,antibacterial,antifungal,antiinflammatory,antiviral,antioxidant,hypoglycemic,andantihyperlipi
demicefectsAssupplement,thispapergivesareviewofdiferentstructuralcategoriesofsteroidalsaponinsandtheirpharmacological
efectsfromthesolanumplantsoverthepastdecade,anditisintendedtoprovideapointofreferenceforfurtherresearchonsteroidal
saponinsinSolanumplants
[Keywords]Solanum;steroidalsaponins;pharmacologicalactivities
doi:10.4268/cjcmm20160602
Solanum
ò&$7
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Table1 Traditionalmedicinalusesofsolanumplants
?W ,FJ iè ,i1X ^Þ
Solanumaculeastrum
éYF CD
,
c
,
Z¢ Ä
[5]
S.aculeatisimum
$% [Û
,
@A¢ î
[6]
S.anguivi
\9]FJ
¡ï
,
ÃÄ
,^
_`
,
a¨
,^
,
bc
,
d¨ö
î
、
Ä
[78]
S.cathayanum
$%xF Ç wa
[910]
S.chrysotrichum
eKf KgX1Dh
,
ij
,
k/
,
:
,
l {
[11]
S.coagulans
$%9
、
4K
、
45 ª/
,
@Aôë
,
d¨ waî
[1213]
S.glabratum
m.no p:
,
q:
,
Î&
,
ÃÄ wa
[1415]
S.hispidum
eKf
,
rFso
,
h KgX1Dh
,
,
c
,
l {
[16]
S.incanum
,
sÝt
,
ßU¹t u
,
<` {
、
Ä
[17]
S.indicum
$%v
、
wxö
,
y% ^
,
ÃÄ
,
z{Q Ä
[18]
S.lycocarpum
|K B1
,
ÁÆ1
,
B}1
,
B~1 Ä
[19]
S.lyratum
$%xF
,
{N
,
,
$9| QÇ
,
ñ»
,
Ë
,
ª/
,
% Fb1X
[20]
S.macaonense
$%45
、
4K
、
H9
、
Ç Fb1X
[21]
S.nigrum
$%xF
,
、
F
、
\-¿lï¿FJ
QÇ
,
Dml
,
d¨
,
AS
,
KgÇ
,
¡
ïö
wa
[2223]
S.paniculatum
ï¿,
Eé|Kï¿aÐ %
,
ÒtX
,
mïÇ Fb1X
[2426]
S.rosrtatum
$%
,
2\ eQ
,
¢
,
S¡»¢ Fb1X
[2729]
S.sisymbrifolium
9
,
$%45
、
{ ¡ï
,
ÁÆ1
,
§¨1
,
%
,
î
[3032]
S.sodomaeum
ÁÂFm KgQ
,
ÔÄÅQ
,
®ÄÅQö Ä
[33]
S.spirale
$%9
、
wx
、
4K
,
9
,
h
,
o
,
,
y%
,
·9
ìí1
,
ÁÆ1
,
1
,
iÛ¢
,
î
、
{
、
Ä
[3435]
S.suratense
$%1
,
höï¿FJ QÇ
,
Ç Fb1X
[36]
S.torvum
$%9
、
4K
、
45
、
ö
,
ï¿,
ï
¿h
,
59Fö
B1
,
þ©_1
,
§¡1
,
ÁÆ1
,
¨
,
9
:
,
;/ö
î
、
{
、
Ä
[3738]
S.trilobatum
h QÇ
,
<åö1»¢ {
[39]
S.violaceum
,
y% ^
,
d¨
,
z{QöQÇ wa
,
Ä
[18,40]
S.xanthocarpum
h
bc
,
ÅÆ¢
,
@A¢
,
ÃÄ
,
¨
,
d¨
,
[Û
~ö
wa
[4142]
2
d_
$sBöd_=
,
E
10
yì
ñLM
Snigrum,
K
Slyratum,
Ù
Smacaonese,
ª
Storvum,
æ3
Ssuratense,Sviolaceum
ö
21
$=rBDÊ
、
±DÊ
、
Ê
、¯
0DÊì|d
。
21
DÊd
Yen
ö
[43]
Sviolaceum
$Vv$
_=
1,2¨ 10;Júnior
ö
[44]
Spaniculatum
Vv$
_=
3¨ 4;Lee
ö
[45]
Storvum
Vv$D
5,
11~12,14~16;Lu
ö
[37]
Storvum
Vv$
2
D
6,13;Chang
ö
[9]
Sviolaceum
=rD~
7,24~25;Ohno
ö
[47]
Sjasminoides
Fb1XàÊpq
ª×Æ$=r~
8,
¤OàÊpq$
=r_=
9;Colmenares
ö
[48]
Storvum
=r
4
D
17~19,22;
Ñö
[38]
ª
Storvum
=
r_=
20~21;Fero
ö
[30]
Ssisymbrifolium
î$=
r
23,
q
1,
Ü
2。
22
±DÊd
Sun
ö
[20]
Slyratum
=
4
±
D
26~29¨
¡~
34;Farag
ö
[14]
Sglabra
tum
=r_=
30~32;Mahenina
ö
[17]
Sheteracan
thum
¨
Sincanum
Vv$
33
¨
35;Ono
ö
[4950]
S
sodomaeum
Vv$_=
35~37;Nakamura
ö
[19]
S
lycocarpum
=r_=
38~42;ElAasr
ö
[18]
Sindi
cum
$=r
43~44;
¢:{ö
[51]
S@
Scathaya
num
$!]=r_=
46,59;Zhou
ö
[22]
Snigrum
$Vv$
6
±D
47~49,59,70~72;Lee
ö
[21]
Smacaonese
$=r
50~56,60,64~69;Valadares
ö
[52]
Spaniculatum
=r
1
~
58;Chou
ö
[53]
Storvum
Vv=r_=
60~62;Shu
ö
[54]
S
torvum
Vv$
63;Chang
ö
[46]
Sviolaceum
=r
±D~
34,45,73~75;Ohno
ö
[47]
Snigrum
£¤
¥Ä$=r±D
57,
q
2,
Ü
3。
·779·
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Vol41,No.6 March,2016
q
1
$=rD<^
Fig1 StructuresofspirostanolsaponinsfromSolanumplants
Ü
2
$=rD
Table2 SpirostanolsaponinsfromSolanumplants
No
_=W¦ qPÔ
(R)
ì> ^Þ
1 yamogenin3OαLrhamnopyranosyl(1→2)βDglucopyranoside R1=Oglc2rhaR2=H Solanumviolaceum [43]
2 3Ochacotriosyl25(S)spirost5en3βol R1=Oglc2(rha)4rhaR2=H S.violaceum [43]
3 diosgenin3OβDglucopyranosyl(1→6)OβDglucopyranoside R1=Oglc6glcR2=H S.paniculatum [44]
4 diosgeninβDglucopyranoside R1=OglcR2=H S.paniculatum [44]
5 3O{αLrhamnopyranosyl(1→4)[αLrhamnopyranosyl(1→2)]
βDglucopyranosyl}25(S)spirost5en3βol
R1=Oglc2(rha)4rhaR2=H S.torvum [45]
6 torvosideM R1=Oglc6glcR2=H S.torvum [37]
7 yamogenin R1=OHR2=H S.violaceum [46]
8 (22R,25S)3β,15αdihydroxyspirost5ene R1=OHR2=OH S.nigrum [47]
9 jasminosideA R1=Oglc4glc4glcR2=Orha S.jasminoides [47]
10 indiosideI R1=Oglc2(rha)4rhaR2=R3=H S.violaceum [43]
11 torvosideQ R1=OHR2=Oqui3rhaR3=O S.torvum [45]
12 paniculoninB R1=OHR2=Oqui3rhaR3=αOH S.torvum [45]
13 torvosideN R1=Oglc6glcR2=OHR3=H S.torvum [37]
14 neochlorogenin6O[αLrhamnopyranosyl(1→3)βDquinovopyranoside] R1=OHR2=Oqui3rhaR3=H S.torvum [45]
15 neochlorogenin6O[βDxylopyranosyl(1→3)βDquinovopyranoside R1=OHR2=Oqui3xylR3=H S.torvum [45]
16 6αOβDquinovopyranosyl(25S)5αspirostan3βol R1=OHR2=OquiR3=H S.torvum [45]
17 (25S)3βhydroxy5αspirostan6αylOβDxylopyranoside R1=OHR2=OxylR3=H S.torvum [48]
18 (25S)3oxo5αspirostan6αylOβDxylopyranoside R1==OR2=OxylR3=H S.torvum [48]
19 (25S)3βhydroxy5αspirostan6αylOβDglucopyranoside R1=OHR2=OglcR3=H S.torvum [48]
20 solagenin6O(βDquinovopyranoside) R1==OR2=OquiR3=H S.torvum [38]
21 (25S)6αhydroxy5αspirostan3one6O[αLrhamnopyranosyl(1→3)
βDquinovopyranoside]
R1=OR2=Oqui3rhaR3=H S.torvum [38]
22 (25S)3β,27dihydroxy5αspirostan6αylOβDglucopyranoside R1=Oglc S.torvum [48]
23 isonuatigenin3Oβsolatriose R1=Ogal2(rha)3glc S.sisymbrifolium [30]
24 indiosideO S.violaceum [46]
25 (25S)neospirost4en3one S.violaceum [46]
·879·
£ö
:
,
q
2
$=r±D<^
Fig2 StructuresofisospirostanolsaponinsfromSolanumplants
Ü
3
$=r±D
Table3 IsospirostanolsaponinsfromSolanumplants
No
W¦ qPÔ
(R)
ì> ^Þ
26 diosgenin3OβDglucoyranosiduronicacidmethylester R1=OGlcUAMethylester R2=R3=R4=H Solanumlyratum [20]
27 diosgenin3OβDglucopyranosiduronicacid R1=OGlcUA R2=R3=R4=H S.lyratum [20]
28 diosgenin3OαLrhamnopyranosyl(1→2)βDgluco
pyranosiduronicacid
R1=OGlcUA2rha R2=R3=R4=H S.lyratum [20]
29 diosgenin3OαLrhamnopyranosyl(1→2)βDglucu
roniduronicacidmethylester
R1=OGlcUAMethylester2rha R2=R3=R4=H S.lyratum [20]
30 (25R)spirost5en3ol3OαLrhamnopyranosyl(1→
2)O[βDglucopyranosyl(1→3)]βDgalactopyranoside
R1=Ogal2(rha)3glc R2=R3=R4=H S.glabratum [14]
31 23βDglucopyranosyl(23S,25R)spirost5en3,23diol
3OαLrhamnopyranosyl(1→2)O[αLrhamnopyrano
syl(1→4)]βDglucopyranoside
R1=Oglc2(rha)4rha R2=R3=HR4=Oglc S.glabratum [14]
32 (23S,25R)spirost5en3,23diol3OαLrhamnopyr
anosyl(1→2)O[αLrhamnopyranosyl(1→4)]βD
glucopyranoside
R1=Oglc2(rha)4rha R2=R3=HR4=OH S.glabratum [14]
33 (23S,25R)spirost5en3β,23diol3O{βDxylopyr
anosyl(1→2)OαLrhamnopyranosyl(1→4)[OαLrh
amnopyranosyl(1→2)]βDglucopyranoside}
R1=Oglc2(rha)4rha2xyl R2=R3=HR4=OH S.heteracanthum
S.incanum
[17]
34 diosgenin R1=R2=R3=R4=H
S.lyratum
S.violaceum
[20,46]
35 dioscin R1=Oglc2(rha)4rha R2=R3=R4=H S.heteracanthum
S.incanum
S.sodomaeum
[17,49]
36 solasodosideA R1=Oglc2(rha)4rha2xyl R2=R4=HR3=OMe S.sodomaeum [4950]
37 diosgenin3Oβsolatrioside R1=Ogal2(rha)3glc R2=R3=R4=H S.sodomaeum [49]
38 lyconosideIa R1=Oglc2(rha)4rha R2=OHR3=OMeR4=H S.lycocarpum [19]
39 lyconosideIb R1=Oglc2(rha)4rha R2=R3=OHR4=H S.lycocarpum [19]
40 lyconosideI R1=Oglc2(rha)4rha R2=OHR3=R4=H S.lycocarpum [19]
·979·
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Vol41,No.6 March,2016
ÌÜ
3
No
W¦ qPÔ
(R)
ì> ^Þ
41 lyconosideII R1=Ogal2(rha)3glc R2=OHR3=R4=H S.lycocarpum [19]
42 lyconosideIV R1=Ogal2(rha)3glc R2=OHR3=OMeR4=H S.lycocarpum [19]
43 indiosideA R1=Oglc2(rha)3xyl R2=HR3=R4=OH S.indicum [18]
44 indiosideF R1=Oglc2(rha)4rha R2=HR3=R4=OH S.indicum [18]
45 indiosideM R1=R3=R4=OHR2=H S.violaceum [46]
46 diosgenin3OβDglucopyranosyl(1→2)O[βDxy
loyranosyl(1→3)]OβDglucopyranosyl(1→4)OβD
galactopyranoside
R1=Ogal4glc2(glc)3xyl R2=R3=R4=H S.cathayanum [51]
47 solanigrosideH R1=Oglc2(rha)4rha2glc S.nigrum [22]
48 solanigrosideG R1=Ogal4glc2(glc)3xyl R2=R4=HR3=OH S.nigrum [22]
49 solanigrosideF R1=Oglc2(rha)4rha2glc R2=R4=HR3=Oglc S.nigrum [22]
50 macaosideA R1==OR2=Oqui3xyl R3=R4=H S.macaonese [21]
51 macaosideC R1=OHR2=Oqui3xyl R3=HR4=αOH S.macaonese [21]
52 macaosideD R1=OHR2=Oxyl3xyl R3=R4=H S.macaonese [21]
53 macaosideE R1=Oglc4rha R2=OHR3=R4=H S.macaonese [21]
54 macaosideF R1=Oglc4rha R2=OHR3=R4=H S.macaonese [21]
55 macaosideG R1=OglcR2=OquiR3=R4=H S.macaonese [21]
56 macaosideH R1=Oglc2(rha)4rha R2=OHR3=R4=H S.macaonese [21]
57 inunigrosideA R1=Ogal4glc2(glc)3xyl R2=R3=HR4=αOH S.nigrum [47]
58 neotigogenin R1=OHR2=R3=R4=H S.paniculatum [52]
59 degalactotigonin R1=Ogal4glc2(glc)3xyl R2=R3=R4=H S.cathayanum
S.nigrum
[22,51]
60 chlorogenin R1=R2=OHR3=R4=H
S.macaonese
S.torvum
[21,53]
61 paniculogenin R1=R2=OHR3=HR4=αOH S.torvum [53]
62 (25R)3β,6βdihydroxy5αspirostan23one R1=R2=OHR3=HR4==O S.torvum [53]
63 neochlorogenin6O[βDxylopyranosyl(1→ 3)βD
glucopyranoside]
R1=OHR2=Oglc3xyl R3=R4=H S.torvum [54]
64 chlorogenin6OβDglucopyranoside R1=OHR2=OrhaR3=R4=H S.macaonese [21]
65 chlorogenin6OβDxylopyranosyl(1→3)βDgluco
pyranoside
R1=OHR2=Oglc3xyl R3=R4=H S.macaonese [21]
66 6αOβDxylopyranosyl(1→3)βDquinovopyranosyl
(25R)5αspirostan3βol
R1=OHR2=Oqui3xyl R3=R4=H Smacaonese [21]
67 SC3 R1=OHR2=OxylR3=R4=H S.macaonese [21]
68 SC4 R1=OHR2=OquiR3=R4=H S.macaonese [21]
69 macaosideB R1=Oqui3xyl S.macaonese [21]
70 solanigrosideC R1=Ogal2(glc)4glc3glcR2=OH S.nigrum [22]
71 solanigrosideD R1=Ogal2(rha)4glc2(ara)3xyl R2=H S.nigrum [22]
72 solanigrosideE R1=Ogal2(rha)4glc2(ara)3xyl R2=OH S.nigrum [22]
73 indiosideL S.violaceum [46]
74 indiosideN S.violaceum [46]
75 diosgenone S.violaceum [46]
23
Êd
Ono
ö
[4950]
Ssodomaeum
Vv$
_=
76,78;Lu
ö
[55]
Storvum
=r
2
77,100;
!^§
[12]
˪
Scoagulans
Vv=r_=
78,81,106;Mahenina
ö
[17]
Sheteracanthum
¨
Sinca
num
Vv$_=
78,81;Elssar
ö
[18]
Sindicum
$
=r_=
78;¨
à©ö
[34]
ªÌ
Sspirale
=
r
78~80;
±&Åö
[23]
LM
Snigrum
!]
=r_=
82~83,93~94;
¢:{ö
[51]
S@
S
cathayanum
!]=r_=
84,85;Lee
ö
[21]
Smac
aonese
$=r
10
86~92,98,99,105;Ono
ö
[56]
Sviarum
Vv$_=
95;Colmenares
ö
[48]
Storvum
=r
3
96,97,104;Li
ö
[57]
·089·
£ö
:
,
Storvum
Vv$_=
101~103;
«Ùýö
[58]
¬LM
Srostratum
!]=r_=
106~107,
Ono
ö
[50]
Ssodomaeum
$=r
108,
Dq
3
¨Ü
4。
q
3
$=r<^
Fig3 StructuresoffurostanolsaponinsfromSolanumplants
Ü
4
$=r
Table4 FurostanolsaponinsfromSolanumplants
No
W¦ qPÔ
(R)
ì> ^Þ
76 indiosideD R1=Ogal2(rha)3glcR2=αOH
R3=glcR4=αCH3
Solanumsodomaeum [49]
77 torvosideO R1=Oglc6glcR2=αOMe
R3=glcR4=βCH3
S.torvum [55]
78 protodioscin R1=Oglc2(rha)4rhaR2=αOH
R3=glcR4=αCH3
S.heteracanthum[17]
S.incanum[17]
S.sodomaeum[4950]
S.indicum[18]
S.coagulans[12]
S.spirale[34]
79 26OβDglucopyranosyl(25R)furost3β,22ξ,26triol5ene3αLrham
nopyranosyl(1→2)[3O(3Oacetyl)αLrhamnopyranosyl(1→4)]βD
glucopyranoside
R1=Oglc2(rha)4(3Oacetylrha)
R2=OHR3=glcR4=αCH3
S.spirale [34]
80 26OβDglucopyranosyl(25R)furost22ξmethoxyl3β,26diol5ene3
OαLrhamnopyranosyl(1→2)βDglucopyranoside
R1=Oglc2rhaR2=OMe
R3=glcR4=αCH3
S.spirale [34]
81 methylprotodioscin R1=Oglc2(rha)4rha
R2=αOMeR3=glcR4=αCH3
S.heteracanthum
S.incanum
S.coagulans
[12,17]
82 22α,25R26OβDglucopyranosyl22hydroxyfurostΔ53β,26diol3Oβ
Dglucopyranosyl(1→2)O[βDxylopyranosyl(1→3)]OβDglucopyr
anosyl(1→4)OβDgalactopyranoside
R1=Ogal4glc2(glc)3xyl
R2=αOHR3=glcR4=αCH3
S.nigrum [23]
·189·
2016
y
3
z à
41
áà
6
}
Vol41,No.6 March,2016
ÌÜ
4
No
W¦ qPÔ
(R)
ì> ^Þ
83 22α,25R26OβDglucopyranosyl22methoxyfurostΔ53β,26diol3Oβ
Dglucopyranosyl(1→2)O[βDxylopyranosyl(1→3)]OβDglucopyr
anosyl(1→4)OβDgalactopyranoside
R1=Ogal4glc2(glc)3xyl
R2=αOMeR3=glcR4=αCH3
S.nigrum [23]
84 22α,25R26OβDglucopyranosyl22hydroxyfurostΔ53β,26diol3Oβ
Dglucopyranosyl(1→2)βDglucopyranosyl(1→4)βDglucopyranoside
R1=Oglc4glc2glc
R2=αOHR3=glcR4=αCH3
S.cathayanum [51]
85 22α,25R26OβDglucopyranosyl22hydroxyfurostΔ53β,26diol3Oβ
Dglucopyranosyl(1→2)O[βDoxylopyranosyl(1→3)]OβDglucopyr
anosyl(1→4)OβDgalactopyranoside
R1=Ogal4glc2(glc)3xyl
R2=αOHR3=glcR4=αCH3
S.cathayanum [51]
86 macaosideL R1=R3=OH
R2=Oqui3xylR4=glc
S.macaonense [21]
87 macaosideM R1=OglcR2=R3=OHR4=glc S.macaonense [21]
88 macaosideN R1=Oglc2rha
R2=R3=OHR4=glc
S.macaonense [21]
89 macaosideO R1=OglcR2=Oqui
R3=OHR4=glc
S.macaonense [21]
90 macaosideP R1=OHR2=Oqui3xyl
R3=OMeR4=glc
S.macaonense [21]
91 macaosideQ R1==OR2=Oqui3xyl
R3=OMeR4=glc
S.macaonense [21]
92 macaosideR R1=OHR2=Oqui3xyl
R3=OMeR4=glc
S.macaonense [21]
93 5α,22α,25R26OβDglucopyranosyl22hydroxyfurost3β,26diol3Oβ
Dglucopyranosyl(1→2)O[βDglucopyranosyl(1→3)]OβDglucopyr
anosyl(1→4)OβDgalactopyranoside
R1=Ogal4glc2(glc)3glc
R2=HR3=OHR4=glc
S.nigrum [23]
94 5α,22α,25R26OβDglucopyranosyl22methoxyfurost3β,26diol3Oβ
Dglucopyranosyl(1→2)O[βDglucopyranosyl(1→3)]OβDglucopyr
anosyl(1→4)OβDgalactopyranoside
R1=Ogal4glc2(glc)3glc
R2=HR3=OMeR4=glc
S.nigrum [23]
95 solaviasideB R1=Oglc2(rha)4rhaR2=glc S.viarum [56]
96 (25S)26(βDglucopyranosyloxy)3oxo22αmethoxy5αfurostan6αyl
OβDxylopyranoside
R1==OR2=OxylR3=glc S.torvum [48]
97 (25S)26(βDglucopyranosyloxy)3βhydroxy22αmethoxy5αfurostan
6αylOαLrhamnopyranosyl(1→3)βDglucopyranoside
R1=βOHR2=Oglc3rha
R3=glc
S.torvum [48]
98 macaosideI R1=Oqui3xylR2=HR3=glc S.macaonense [21]
99 macaosideK R1=Oqui3xylR2=OHR3=glc S.macaonense [21]
100torvosideP R1=OHR2=Oqui3xylR3=glc S.torvum [55]
101 25(S)26OβDglucopyranosyl5αfurost22(20)en3β,6α,26triol6O
[αLrhamnopyranosyl(1→3)OβDquinovopyranoside]
R1=OH
R2=Oqui3rhaR3=glc
S.torvum [57]
102 25(S)26OβDglucopyranosyl5αfurost22(20)en3one6α,26diol6
O[αLrhamnopyranosyl(1→3)OβDquinovopyranoside
R1=O
R2=Oqui3rhaR3=glc
S.torvum [57]
103 25(S)26OβDglucopyranosyl5αfurost22(20)en3β,6α,26triol6O
βDquinovopyranoside
R1=OH
R2=OquiR3=glc
S.torvum [57]
104 (25S)26(βDglucopyranosyloxy)3oxo5αfurost20(22)en6αylOβ
Dxylopyranoside
R1=O
R2=OxylR3=glc
S.torvum [48]
105macaosideJ R1=Oqui3xylR2=glc S.macaonense [21]
106smilaxchinosideA R1=Oglc2(rha)4rhaR2=glc
R3=βCH3
S.coagulans
S.rostratum
[12,58]
107 26OβDglucopyranosyl3β,20α,26triol25(R)Δ5,22dienofurostan3O
αLrhamnopyranosyl(1→2)[αLrhamnopyranosyl(1→4)]βDglucopyr
anoside
R1=Oglc2(rha)4rhaR2=glc
R3=αCH3
S.rostratum [58]
108dioscoresideE R1=Oglc2(rha)4rhaR2=glc S.sodomaeum [50]
24
¯0DÊd
Ono
ö
[56]
Sviarum
Vv$
¯0D
109;Lu
ö
[36]
Ssuratense
Vv$®
110,111,
q
4,
Ü
5。
25
|d
Lee
ö
[45]
¨
Iida
ö
[59]
:
Storvum
$
=r
3
22
Xò β^ .ç112~114;Luö[36]
Ssuratense
=r_=
112~117;Júnior
ö
[44]
·289·
£ö
:
,
q
4
$=r¯0D<^
Fig4 StructuresofpseudospirostanolsaponinsfromSolanum
plants
Spaniculatum
$Vv$
118;Yen
ö
[43]
Sviolaceum
$Vv$
119~122
¨DB¯0
F
M
124~125;
Valadares
ö
[52]
Spaniculatum
=r
123;Ono
ö
[50]
Ssodomaeum
$=r
126~127,Ono
ö
[60]
Slycoper
sicum
Vv$_=
127,129;
!^§
[12]
˪
Sco
agulans
Vv=r_=
127;Ono
ö
[56]
Sviarum
Vv$_=
128,
q
5,
Ü
6。
3
,
31
e/0hi
Ü{$DBe
Ü
5
$=r¯0D
Table5 PseudospirostanolsaponinsfromSolanumplants
No
W¦ qPÔ
(R)
ì> ^Þ
109 solaviasideC R1=Ogal2(rha)3xylR2=glc Solanumviarum [56]
110 aculeatisideA R1=Oglc2(rha)4rhaR2=glc Ssuratense [36]
111 26O(βDglucopyranosyl)nuatigenin3OαLrhamnopyranosyl(1→4)
βDglucopyranoside
R1=Oglc4rhaR2=glc Ssuratense [36]
q
5
$=r|d<^
Fig5 StructuresofothersteroidalsaponinsfromSolanumplants
/0hi
,
hi:Õů¨~£¤êý²±
。
²£¤d$
,
DB βlycotetraosyl~D
PC12
¨
HCT116
ÄÅ°&7
,
ÄÅ&
òD
、
、
Dº
、
Å]µ
:
[4]。Yen
ö
[43]
ô
ú
Sviolaceum
$=r
ÄÅ&hi
,
$1_=ãÿ$ú$öh
i
。Lu
ö
[37]
Storvum
$=r
2
&D
torvosideM
¨
N
²Ã°\
CDDP
4
QÄÅ
°
(
Q
、
%Q
、
Q
、
z{QÄÅ°
)
:Bãä±ù
。Sun
ö
[20]
ìÄÅ&òAç
Kwa$
=r / 0 Ä Å °
HeLa,A375S2,
SGC7901,Bel7402
hi
,
<Äãÿò]²
³1X=r~DB£¤ÄÅ
&
,
$ ¡~hi°b$ÄÅ
IC50_ò
(164±13),(82±06),(213±09),(201±15)
mg·L-1,
²°(\´Æµ¶
IC50_ò
(175±14),(150±07),(39±10),(141±04)
mg· L-1,
Ä Å & Ã ò ã ä
。Farag
ö
[14]
Sglabratum
=r
1
&±DãÿîT
{QÄÅ°
PC3¨
<
QÄÅ°
HT29
Bñù
,
IC50_ò148,195mg·L
-1,
(\,·FË
IC50_ò18,30mg·L
-1。
·389·
2016
y
3
z à
41
áà
6
}
Vol41,No.6 March,2016
Ü
6
$=r|d
Table6 OthersteroidalsaponinsfromSolanumplants
No
W¦
R
ì> ^Þ
112 torvosideK R1=Oqui3rha
R2=βOHR3=βCH3
Solanumsuratense
S.torvum
[36,45,59]
113 torvosideJ R1=Oqui3rha
R2=βOHR3=αCH3
S.suratense
S.torvum
[36,45,59]
114 torvosideL R1=Oqui3rha
R2=αOHR3=αCH3
S.suratense
S.torvum
[36,45,59]
115 torvosideD(22R,23S,25R)3β,6α,23trihydroxy5αspirostane6O
βDxylopyranosyl(1→3)OβDquinovopyranoside
R1=Oqui3xyl
R2=βOHR3=βCH3
S.suratense [36]
116 (22R,23S,25S)3β,6α,23trihydroxy5αspirostane6OβDxylopyr
anosyl(1→3)OβDquinovopyranoside
R1=Oqui3xyl
R2=βOHR3=αCH3
S.suratense [36]
117 (22R,23R,25S)3β,6α,23trihydroxy5αspirostane6OβDxylopyr
anosyl(1→3)OβDquinovopyranoside
R1=Oqui3xyl
R2=αOHR3=αCH3
S.suratense [36]
118 (22R,23S,25R)3β,6α,23trihydroxy5αspirostane6OβDxylopyr
anosyl(1→3)O[βDquinovopyranosyl(1→2)]O[αLrhamnopyr
anosyl(1→3)]OβDquinovopyranoside
R1=Oqui3(rha)2qui3xyl
R2=βOHR3=βCH3
S.paniculatum [44]
119 indiosideG R1=Oglc3xylR2=αCH3 S.violaceum [43]
120 indiosideH R1=Oglc2rhaR2=αCH3 S.violaceum [43]
121 borassosideD R1=Oglc4rhaR2=βCH3 S.violaceum [43]
122 borassosideE R1=Oglc2(rha)4rhaR2=αCH3 S.violaceum [43]
123 Δ25(27)tigogenin3OβDglucopyranoside R1=Oglc S.paniculatum [52]
124 indiosideJ R1=Oglc2(rha)4rhaR2=βCH3 S.violaceum [43]
125 indiosideK R1=Oglc2(rha)4rhaR2=αCH3 S.violaceum [43]
126 solasodosideF R1=Oglc2(rha)4rhaR2=glc S.sodomaeum [50]
127 anguiviosideXV R1=Oglc2(rha)4rha
R2=R3==OR4=glc
S.lycopersicum
S.coagulans
S.sodomaeum
[12,50,60]
128 solaviasideA R1=Oglc2(rha)4rha
R2=HR3=βOHR4=glc
S.viarum [56]
129 3Oβlycotetraosyl3β,26dihydroxycholestan16,22dione26OαL
arabinopyranosyl(1→6)βDglucopyranoside
R1=Ogal4glc2(glc)3xyl
R2=glc6ara
S.lycopersicum [60]
Manase
ö
[17]
Sincanum
¨
Sheteracanthum
=
rÐ ¡<
QÄÅ°
HCT116、HT29、SW480,
:z{QÄÅ°
EMT6
IC50_ò(226±229)、
(348±301),668,668mg·L-1,
àÔÐ ¡
HCT116,HT29
ÄÅ°
IC50_ò(276±19),(330±
300)mg·L-1,IndiosideD
HCT116,HT29
ÄÅ°
IC50
_ò
(387±25),(528±051)mg·L-1,
²°(
\¸¹Ê¨º»
,
ãÿ$[ve/0
,
¤Oñ
(<Äãÿ±DÃåb·Ô=öî
HÄÅ&hi
,
ÄÅ&hi°³¨ÄÅ°
d
。Ono
ö
[49]
ú
Ssodomaeum
=r
v¼½ ¡¢ÄÅ
HL60
ÄÅ&hi
,
$_=
diosgenin3Oβsolatrioside¨ Ð ¡ãÿ$Ã
,
GI50_ò42,42mg·L
-1,
°(\å¾
(GI50ò85mg·L
-1)。Zhou
ö
[22]
LM$=r
de
galactotigonin
QÄÅ°
HepG2,NCIH460,MCF7,SF
268
DB±ùhi
,IC50²025~449μmol·L
-1。
Li
ö
[57]
Storvum
=r
1
&ãÿ
¿KO0ÄÅ°
A375
DB$öÄÅ&hi
。Valada
res
ö
[52]
Spaniculatum
=r~
neotigogenin
Vero
ÄÅDBÃÄÅ&
,
CC50ò(203±003)
mg·L-1。Kanchana
ö
[39]
ú
Strilobatum
{$GÀ=
r1X
(SFST)
HEp2
ÄÅ°ÄÅ&¨æçÄÅ
(
。
<ÄÜ{
,SFST
Á1ö±ùÄŦ
,
IC50ò1000mg·L
-1。
²1öò
1000mg·L-1,
ÄÅ$ë
ú{ã0ØЯ
,
ÄÅ»Ö
、
åhK´E
。
/
1000
mg·L-1
SFST
hi°
HEp2
ÄÅ
DNA,
VWÅEF
U$ën®¿ÄÅ(./
。Liu
ö
[61]
Ku
(TSSLT)
eÃÄŦhinúô
,TSSLT
æ
çÄÅQÄÅ(ÁOs
,
IC50ò6mg·L
-1。
TSSLT
æçÄÅ(éì
DNA
´Ï
、
|ÆNÇÓ
Ò
、PARP
Ï×
、
ÄÅKO
C
7Ƚ;ÄÅ´+-öÄÅ
0د_ò./
,
<ĤOù{ú
TSSLT
æçÄÅ(
@NòÉ(@N¨È½@N
。
32
e1hi
Alvarez
ö
[62]
Schrysotrichum
{$
=r±D
SC1
KgX1Êjßj1
NRRL1942
·489·
£ö
:
,
7:±1Ë
MIC
ò
40mg·L-1,
²Ã°(\³ùÌ
1O
(MIC
ò
10mg·L-1),
ãÿDBÈeX1
。
Zamilpa
ö
[11]
Schrysotrichum
=r
SC2~SC6
:
ãÿ[veX1
,
$
SC2
Êjßj1
(ATCC
28185)、
ËKßj1
(ATCC28188)
±ùhi7
,MIC
_ò
125,125mg·L-1,
(\ÍÎÏ
MIC
ò
4,4mg
·L-1。Gonzalez
ö
[16]
ú
Shispidum
{$=r
Êjßj1
、
ËKßj1
、
¿ÐÌ1
、
K-Ñ
1hi
,
:ãÿ$±ùhi
。
$Êjßj1
、
ËKß
j1±ùhi7_=
MIC
:ò
25mg·L-1(
(
\ÍÎÏ
MIC
_ò
4,4mg·L-1)。
Kannabirna
ö
[63]
Strilobatum
{$pqu
1Xe1
(
×ËKMNY1
、
Ò1
、
ÓkÒ1
、
ãÔ1
)
nú
。
<ÄÜ{1XDBÃ
e1
,
hiü°(\e°O,
。
¨ÅÔ(
1±ùhiü°¨ÅÔÕ1
,
ê(1$×ËK
MNY1±ùhi7
,
Õ1$ÓkÒ1±ùhi7
。Kannabirna
ö
[41]
TUú
Sxanthocarpum
{$1X
e1
,
¨ÅÔ(1×ËKMNY1±DB
{ã±ùhi
,
°(\,ÖYK°
、¯
ÌO
、
×
K°
;
±ù¨ÅÔÕ1r:]òã
Ô1
、
Ò1
、
ÓkÒ1
。HereraArelano
ö
[64]
Schry
sotrichum
$
SC2
núeX1
,SC2
òñ$e17
。
më-Ñ
1 K-Ñ1ì,1°¨´ÎϨ7ÎÏØ,1
°:B±ùhi
,
$´ÎÏCD1°
IC50ò200mg·
L-1,
´ÎÏØ,1°
IC50ò400~800mg·L
-1。
LópezVilegas
ö
[65]
¤
Schrysotrichum
$±D
SC2
núeX1hi
,
2X<^Я×
+X1µ¶
。
$Êßj1hi7
,
]òÙ
H:Ú31
,
ËKßj1hi7Û
。
X1ÖüÐ
¯òÄÅ´`ðÌ©Ü
、
ÄÅjî×
、
:ûbX1
ÄÅÝ£Þ
、
ÄÅÉ(
。
33
ehi
Lee
ö
[45]
ú
Storvum
$
e$½ÄÅÇhi
,
$_=
torvosideQ
ãÿ$±
ùßÑ Ó+-hi
,IC50ò566mg·L
-1;3O{αL
ÀÅ
(1→4)[αLÀÅ(1→2)]βDMNÅ}25(S)
D
5
à
3βÊãÿ$±ùòtÕ3°hi,IC50ò
359mg·L-1;
_=&ãá~
6O[αLÀÅ(1→
3)βDâPÅ]¨ &ãá~6O[βDãÅ(1→3)β
D
âPÅ
]
ãÿ$ñù2tÕ3°¨ßÑ Ó
+-hi
,
IC50_ò 349,269mg·L
-1
¨
287,
066mg·L-1。
Lee
ö
[21]
ú
Smacaonense
$=r
±ù$½ÄÅÇÒóhi
。
2tÕ3¨ßÑ
Óéóä
FMLP/CB
OuÒå$½ÄÅ$Æ°
,
éå$½ÄÅÇÒóæ´
。
<ÄÜ{
,
$
3
w¶±D
SC4,SC3,6αOβDãÅ(1→3)βDâ
PÅ
(25R)5αD3βÊãÿ$ñù2tÕ3°
¨ßÑ Ó+-hi
,
IC50_ò 70,76,40
mg·L-1
¨
37,44,10mg·L-1;
&_=±D
macaosideA
¨
D
¦ãÿ$±ùßÑ Ó+-hi
,IC50
_ò
32,42mg·L-1;
~
chlorogenin
¦ãÿ±ù2
tÕ3°hi
,
IC50ò61mg·L
-1。DPI¨
K\ì
E|
(sivelestat)
_ò±ù2tÕ3°¨ßÑ Ó
+-(\,
,IC50_ò08,50mg·L
-1。
¤Oñ
(<ÄÜ{
macaosideA,macaosideD,SC3,SC4
²
LDH
+-($`bµ¶å$½ÄÅ@
,
ê_=
chloro
genin¨ 6αOβDãÅ(1→3)βDâPÅ(25R)5αD
3βʲmÚÓ²ehiO$½ÄÅB[v
&
。
rÑ@ò βhexosamindase±½(ìô
_=
macaosideA,macaosideD
efùéç±ù±½Bô
,
<ÄÜ{
macaosideA
²1ö¾,OÒé@ò±ù±½
ìmÚehi
。
¹H^ôõ(ãÿDÅÂ
Ųe$½ÄÅÇ$DBýÓÒ
。
Wang
ö
[66]
ú ¡~
diosgenin
èôë
éèÄÅehi
,
<Ämë
diosgenin
±ù
NO
¨
IL
1βæçÆ°PGE2°,¤O{ã±ù IL1βÒm
MMP3,MMP13,iNOS,COX2
ÜÝ
,
hòèô
ëÓ²,
。
34
e¢&hi
$e¢&w=
rÌ
,
$D7òãä
,
Õů£
¤êB±
[67]。Valadares
ö
[52]
Spaniculatum
=r
[&ãÿDB{ãeRS¢&
(HHV1)¨
æê¢&
,
EC50_ò1708±17,1770±33mg·
L-1,
ê[HÌú²WâA,$e¢&
。Arthan
ö
[68]
Storvum
Ä$=rã
ÿDBe¢&
,
$
torvosideH
Ó×=r
DeZRS¢&
(HSV1)
IC50_ò232,
174mg·L-1,
(\ònëáì
acyclovir,
IC50ò
2~5mg·L-1。
35
et_hi
Elekofehinti
ö
[7]
ú
Sanguivi
Ä
$u
(SAS)
et_hi
,
<ÄÜ{
SAS
{ãp
(P<
005)
Sí8òt_îÓ¨2t_ï_Ó
(SOD)
,
#í$
2
?Ó`£{ã
,
S#$
MAD
Ë{ãîH
,
:ÿ
Sanguivi
$hòet_
1iìpþÕ7Ô²ôt_óÒtX
。Gupta
ö
[69]
Snigrum
¨
Sxanthocarpum
$=r
núet_
,
\°O
C
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