作 者 ：阎秀峰, 王琴
期 刊 ：植物生态学报 2002年 26卷 6期 页码：701-707
Keywords:Quercus liaotungensis, Seedlings, Ectomycorrhizae, Biomass, Photosynthesis rate, Transpiration rate,
摘 要 ：辽东栎（Quercus liaotungensis）是中国特有的栎林树种，也是中国暖温带落叶阔叶林的主要优势树种之一。铆钉菇（Gomphidius viscidus）和臭红菇（Russula foetens）是在自然环境中与其共生形成外生菌根的真菌。在温室花盆中播种辽东栎种子获得辽东栎幼苗，并对幼苗接种铆钉菇和臭红菇合成外生菌根，比较了有菌根和无菌根辽东栎幼苗生长、光合蒸腾特性、氮磷含量的差异。外生菌根对辽东栎幼苗的生长有明显的促进作用，有菌根幼苗的生物量、株高、净光合速率和水分利用效率高于无菌根幼苗，蒸腾速率则相反。有菌根幼苗的氮磷含量分别为无菌根幼苗的1.7倍和2.2倍，外生菌根的合成还改变了氮磷在幼苗器官间的分配比例，与无菌根幼苗相比，有菌根幼苗茎中的氮磷减少，而叶片中的磷显著增加。同时接种铆钉菇和臭红菇的生长促进效果优于单独接种。
Abstract:Quercus liaotungensis is a special species in China as an oak forest tree species, as well as one of the dominant species in the deciduous broad-leaved forest in the warm temperate zone. Gomphidius viscidus and Russula foetens are the ectomycorrhizal fungi which can symbiose and form ectomycorrhizae with Q. liaotungensis in the field. The effects of these two kinds of ectomycorrhizae on the growth of seedlings of Q. liaotungensis were studied in this paper. The seeds of Q. liaotungensis were planted in pots and grown to seedlings in the greenhouse. Five different kinds of inoculation were carried out with G. viscidus and R. foetens to form ectomycorrhizae as follows: CK, non-inoculation; Gv, inoculation with G. viscidus; Rf, inoculation with R. foetens; G-R, inoculation with G. viscidus in one side of the pot and with R. foetens in the other side; G/R, inoculation with a mixture of G. viscidus and R. foetens. After 3 months of inoculation, the height, biomass, root/shoot ratio, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and nitrogen and phosphorus content of the mycorrhizal seedlings and non-mycorrhizal seedlings were measured and compared. All of these results show that ectomycorrhizae can significantly promote the growth of Q. liaotungensis seedlings. The biomass, height, photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency of the mycorrhizal seedlings are higher, but the transpiration rate is lower, than those of non-mycorrhizal seedlings. Nitrogen and phosphorus content in mycorrhizal seedlings are significantly higher than non-mycorrhizal seedlings, being 1.7 and 2.2 times higher, respectively. Ectomycorrhizal formation also changes the allocation ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus to organs of seedlings. Compared with non-mycorrhizal seedlings, nitrogen and phosphorus ratio in the stem of mycorrhizal seedlings decreased, but phosphorus ratio in leaves of mycorrhizal seedlings increased. The acceleration is different among the four kinds of inoculation. Gv is similar to Rf, but Rf is a little higher. The biomass of G-R is significantly higher than Gv and Rf, and the biomass of G/R is higher than G-R. These results demonstrate that co-inoculation with G. viscidus and R. foetens significantly promotes the growth of seedlings, compared to inoculation with G. viscidus or R. foetens alone.