Abstract:The present paper is a study of the relation between the zonal distribution of types of vegetation and the climate in Northeast China, based on the method of Kira’s temperature indexes WI, (Warmth index),CI, (Coldness index) and the HI (Humidity index) proposed by the present author. The results are asfollows:1. The optimum range of warmth index and the value of warmth index, coldness index and humidity index of 10 types of zonal vegetation in the Northeast China have been determined. 2. The vertical distribution features in water-temperature conditions of zonal vegetation types on mountains in Northeast China have been studied. On the basis of the above studies, the paper has discussed the problems about the distribution of Betula ermanii forest zones on the eastern mountains in Northeast China and that of the mountain tundra on the Baigalashan mountain in the Da Hingganling and made a new attempt to divide the vegetation regions in Northeast China.