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作 者 ：郑海雷, 黄子琛

期 刊 ：植物生态学报 1994年 18卷 4期 页码：362-371

关键词：春小麦；蒸发蒸腾；环境因子；植物因子；

Keywords:Spring wheat, Evapotranspiration, Lysimeter, Ecological factors, Biological factors,

摘 要 ：在河西走廊临泽绿洲北部试验区，对春小麦进行3种水分处理并同时观测了全生育期内的蒸发蒸腾(ET)及环境中各生态因子和植物生理指标。结果表明：当年全生育期内，春小麦ET在充分供水条件下为593mm；在中等供水条件下为365mm；在少量供水条件下为280mm。其日蒸散量分别为5.5mm，3.4mm和2.8mm。讨论了影响ET和植物蒸腾的各植物生理指标和环境因子，发现在植物诸指标与蒸腾相关程度的顺序为：叶片水势、气孔导度和叶温(充分供水)及叶片水势、叶温和气孔导度(水分胁迫)。在环境诸因子中与ET的相关程度顺序是：有效光合辐射、净辐射、20cm土温、大气饱和水汽压差，15cm土温、气温、10cm土温、土壤表面温度及5cm土温。

Abstract:Spring wheat (Triticum aestivvm cv. "3131") was subject to three soil water regimes in the tanks of lysimeter at northern part of Linze Oasis which is located in the Hexi Corridor, The observations of evapotranspiration (ET) ,transpiration of single leaf, various ecological factors and some biological parameters were conducted in both typical fine day and overcast day and during the whole life span of wheat. The results showed that the total ET of spring wheat during its life span were 593mm, 365mm and 280mm for sufficient water supply, moderate water supply and insufficient water supply, respectively, and the average daily ETs for the three soil regimes were 5.5mm, 3.4mm and 2.8mm. The possible impacts of various biological and ecological factors on ET and wheat leaf transpiration were presented in the paper. Regression and correlation analysis demonstrated that the order of correlation coefficients of various biological factors with leaf transpiration was leaf water potential>leaf stomatal conductance>leaf temperature for sufficient water supply, and leaf water potential>leaf temperature>leaf stomatal conductance for other two soil water regimes; and the order of correlation coefficients of various ecological factors with ET is photosynthetically active radiation>net irradiance>soil temperature in 20cm depth, and air water vapor deficit>soil temperature in 15cm depth, while ambient temperature>soil temperature in 10cm, 0cm and 5cm depths.

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