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作 者 ：郎漫;蔡祖聪

期 刊 ：应用生态学报 2008年 19卷 12期 页码：2745-2750

关键词：土壤；

摘 要 ：在25 ℃、60%WHC（最大持水量）的好氧条件下进行14 d的培养试验，研究杀菌剂百菌清在添加水平为0 mg·kg^-1（CK）、5.5 mg·kg^-1（田间施用量，FR）及110 mg·kg^-1(20FR)和220 mg·kg^-1（40FR）时对酸性、中性和碱性土壤中N₂O和CO₂排放的影响.结果表明：百菌清对N₂O和CO₂排放的影响取决于土壤类型和施用浓度.与对照相比，百菌清在20FR和40FR时显著抑制了酸性土壤N₂O的产生与排放；3种施用量均显著促进了中性土壤N₂O的排放，其中FR水平的促进效果最显著；高浓度（20FR和40FR）的百菌清在培养初期抑制了碱性土壤N₂O的排放，而在培养后期显著促进了N₂O的排放.田间用量的百菌清对土壤CO₂排放量没有明显影响；高浓度（20FR和40FR）时显著促进了酸性土壤CO₂的排放，显著抑制了中性和碱性土壤CO₂的排放.

Abstract:A 14 d incubation test at 60% WHC and 25 ℃ was conducted to study the effects of fungicide chlorothalonil at its application rates of 0, 5.5 mg·kg^-1(field application rate, FR), 110 mg·kg^-1 (20FR) and 220 mg·kg^-1 (40FR) on the nitrous oxide (N₂O) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from acidic, neutral, and alkaline soils. The results indicated that the effects of chlorothalonil on the two gases emissions depended on its application rate and soil type. Comparing with no chlorothalonil application, the chlorothalonil at 20FR and 40FR inhibited the N₂O emission from acid soil significantly, while that at FR, 20FR and 40FR stimulated the N₂O emission from neutral soil, with the strongest effect at FR. Higher application rates (20FR and 40FR) of chlorothalonil inhibited the N₂O emission from alkaline soil at the early stage of incubation, but stimulated it at late incubation stage. Chlorothalonil at FR had no obvious effects on the CO₂ emission from test soils, but that at 20FR and 40FR promoted the CO₂ emission from acid soil while inhibited it from neutral and alkaline soils significantly.

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