全 文 ：Study on the Inhibitory Effect of Sophora japonica
Extracts against the Growth of Microcystis aeruginosa
ZHOU Xiao-jian1，2，XIA Jie1，JIN Cui-li1，2，MIAO Li1，2，DONG Kun-ming1，2，FENG Ke1，2*
1． College of Environmental Science and Engineering，Yangzhou University，Yangzhou 225127;2． Marine Science and Technology Institute，
Yangzhou University，Yangzhou 225127
Abstract ［Objective］The research aimed to discuss the inhibitory effect of Sophora japonica extracts against the growth of Microcystis aerugi-
nosa． ［Method］The inhibitory effect of extracted liquid of Sophora japonica leaf against the growth of M． aeruginosa was measured． Moreover，
the active component was studied and analyzed initially． ［Result］The absolute alcohol extract of Sophora japonica leaf was separated by n-hex-
ane，ethyl acetate，n-butanol and water phases in turn． The polar fractions were found being the majority (＞60%)． The non-polar fraction in
n-hexane (about 25%)was found significantly inhibiting the growth of M． aeruginosa． The inhibition rates of fraction in n-hexane at the concen-
trations of 25 and 50 mg/L against M． aeruginosa in 7 d were higher than 75% and 90% respectively． In addition，chlorophyll a of M． aeruginosa
was also destroyed in the presence of the hexane fraction． ［Conclusion］The research provided the theoretical basis for preventing and control-
ling the water bloom of M． aeruginosa．
Key words Sophora japonica;Microcystis aeruginosa;N-hexane phase;Chlorophyll a
Received:May 24，2011 Accepted:August 12，2011
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(41076097，
41006097);Science and Technology Research Key Project of Chinese
Ministry of Education (211065);Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu
Province，China(BK2010322);Open Research of Jiangsu Key Labora-
tory of Environmental Material and Environmental Engineering
(K090027，K090025，K090026，K090028);Graduate Science and Tech-
nology Innovation Project of Department of Education，Jiangsu Prov-
ince，China (M080960); New Century Talent Project of Yangzhou
University，China．
* Corresponding author． E-mail:fengke@yzu． edu． cn
Since the metaphase of the 20th century，the eutrophica-
tion problem of lake has been the global environmental issue．
In China，60% of lakes were in the eutrophication state［1］．
The eutrophication made that the production capacity of water
body improved，and some characteristic algae (blue algae
and chlorella) abnormally proliferated to form the water
bloom． Microcystis aeruginosa was one of major dominant
species in the algal bloom． It could secrete toxin to the water，
which not only had the poison to fishes，human and animal，
but also was the induction factor of liver cancer［2 －3］． In recent
30 years，nearly ten thousand people had the acute poisoning
by drinking or directly touching the polluted water，and more
than 100 people died［4］． Therefore，the effective prevention
and control of M． aeruginosa water bloom was the major
unsolved environmental problem at present．
The treatment of water bloom eruption mainly had the
chemical technology (algicide) ，physical technology (inter-
ception，dredging，dilution， sewage diversion) ，biological
technology (microbial control，algophagous breeding，aquatic
organism inhibition)［5］． The new pathway of inhibiting explo-
sive growth of algae was using the plant allelopathy to inhibit
algae growth［6］． The researches displayed that the aquatic
plant (reed，hornwort)［7 －8］ and terrestrial plant (wheat straw，
corn straw， eucalypti ) both had the good inhibitory
effect［9 －11］． Zhou Xiaojian et al． screened 60 kinds of terres-
trial plant samples，and found the leaf extracts of Magnolia
grandiflora，Sophora japonica and Buxus sinica had the obvi-
ous inhibitory effect against M． aeruginosa［12 －13］． The active
extract of Magnolia grandiflora made that chlorophyll a content
of algale cell sharply declined，and the cell membrane perme-
ability greatly rose． SOD presented the stress state of first ris-
ing and declining then． Meanwhile，the ultrastructure of algale
cell also changed． The nuclear area in cell was fuzzy，and the
cell deformed． The plasmalemma crimpled，even cracked．
The photosynthetic pigment layer was loose and random［14］．
By using the silica gel column chromatography，gel filteration
and so on，33 kinds of compounds were separated from the
leaf of Magnolia grandiflora［15］． However，there was no report
about the separation and inhibitory mechanism of active com-
ponent in extracted liquid of Sophora japonica leaf． So，the in-
hibitory effect of Sophora japonica leaf extract on the growth of
M． aeruginosa was studied． The active compound was stud-
ied and analyzed initially． We aimed to provide the theoretical
basis for preventing and controlling M． aeruginosa water
bloom．
Materials and Methods
Materials
Sophora japonica was collected from the suburb in Yang-
zhou City，Jiangsu Province． M． aeruginosa was bought from
Wuhan Institute of Hydrobiology，Chinese Academy of Sci-
ences． The numbering was FACHB-905．
Methods
Cultivation of M． aeruginosa The cultivation of M． aerugino-
sa used BG11 medium［16］． After the activation of algae，the cul-
tivation was carried out in the light incubator． The culture tem-
perature was 25 ℃，and the ratio of light:dark was 12 h∶12 h．
Preparation of Sophora japonica extract 350 g Sophora
japonica leaves were put into a jar with 500 ml of absolute eth-
anol for 48 h． Extraction were repeated three times，and the
extracted liquids were merged． It was concentrated by the ro-
tary evaporator at 30 ℃ until the volume didnt change． 300 ml
of distilled water was added into the extract． Then，it was set
into 1 000 ml of separatory funnel． The equal volume of
n-hexane was added to layer． The upper layer was light green
Agricultural Science ＆ Technology，2011，12(9):1347 －1349，1354
Copyright 2011，Information Institute of HAAS． All rights reserved． Horticulture
DOI:10.16175/j.cnki.1009-4229.2011.09.006
n-hexane phase． The aqueous phase in the lower layer was
extracted by ethyl acetate． After the liquid was layered，the
ethyl acetate phase in the upper layer presented yellow
brown，and the aqueous phase in the lower layer was brown．
Then，the aqueous phase in the lower layer was extracted by
n-butanol． After vibrating，the upper layer was orange n-buta-
nol phase，and the lower aqueous phase was yellow． The ex-
traction was performed three times． The extracted liquid was
merged． N-hexane，ethyl acetate，n-butanol and water ex-
tracts were respectively obtained． Each extracted liquid was
evaporated to dryness by the rotary evaporator． Then，the ex-
tracts in each phase were obtained．
Inhibitory experiment of algae Each extract was respec-
tively dissolved into DMSO to prepare 10 g/L of mother solu-
tion． The extract mother solution and DMSO were added into
the algae solution in the logarithmic phase to reach their final
usage concentrations． DMSO was only added into the con-
trol，and DMSO contents in all treatments were 0． 5%． The
experiments were repeated three times． The algae solution
was cultivated for 7 d in the light incubator． The cell density of
M． aeruginosa was measured each day，and the inhibitory
rate of growth was calculated． The measurement of chloro-
phyll a concentration used acetone method［17］．
Results and Analyses
Initial separation of inhibitory active component of So-
phora japonica leaf
When the volume of extracted liquid didnt change by car-
rying out rotary evaporation concentration at 30 ℃，70 ml of
absolute ethanol extracts from Sophora japonica were ob-
tained． Via the further separation，extracts and concentrations
of n-hexane，ethyl acetate，n-butanol and distilled water，the
extract in n-hexane phase was 0． 56 g (23． 53%) ，0． 30 g
(12．61%)in ethyl acetate phase，0．80 g (33．61%)in n-bu-
tanol phase，0． 72 g (30． 25%)in the water phase． It was
thus clear that the medium polar component (ethyl acetate
phase)was with the lowest concentration in the leaf extract
from Sophora japonica． The low polar component (n-hexane
phase)was with medium content． The high polar component
was with the highest content (above 63． 00%) ，and mainly
dissolved into the distilled water and n-butanol．
Comparison of inhibitory effects of each Sophora japoni-
ca extract
The above four kinds of components were respectively dis-
solved into DMSO． Then，they were added into M． aeruginosa
solution at the logarithmic phase． The final concentration of each
component was all 50 mg/L，and DMSO content was 0．5%． Af-
ter cultivation for 7 d，it was found that each component had the
different inhibitory effects on M． aeruginosa (Fig．1)． N-hexane
phase had the most obvious inhibitory effect on M． aerugino-
sa，and the inhibitory rate reached 97． 89% after 7 d． The in-
hibitory rates of components in ethyl acetate，n-butanol and wa-
ter phases were respectively 20． 36%，1． 23% and 46． 35%． In
addition，after cultivation for 24 h，the algae cell sank to the
bottom in n-hexane phase culture bottle，and nearly no algae
cell suspended on the surface． But the phenomenon didnt ap-
pear in other three treatments． After cultivation for 7 d，the
microscope observation found that the cells had the obvious
hollow space and cracked． It was thus clear that the inhibitory
matter of Sophora japonica leaf mainly existed in n-hexane ex-
tracted liquid．
Fig． 1 The inhibitory effect against the growth of M． aerugino-
sa by the extract fractions of Sophora japonica
Influence of Sophora japonica n-hexane component on
the growth curve of M． aeruginosa
For the inhibitory activity mainly presented in n-hexane
phase，the inhibitory experiment of different concentrations of
Sophora japonica extract in n-hexane phase on M． aeruginosa
growth was carried out． After cultivation for 7 d，the different
concentrations of component in n-hexane phase had the sig-
nificant inhibitory effect on M． aeruginosa growth． As the cul-
ture time prolonged，the inhibitory effect also strengthened．
Seen from the growth curve (Fig． 2) ，the density of algae cell
continuously increased in the control group from the density of
2． 39 × 106 cell /ml on the first day of cultivation． When the
concentrations of component in n-hexane phase were 25，50，
75 and 100 mg/L，they all had the obvious inhibitory effect on
the growth of M． aeruginosa． The density of algae cell re-
mained unchanged or declined with the initial density． It illus-
trated that after adding component in n-hexane phase，
M． aeruginosa has stopped growth in 24 h． Started from the
third day，in the treatments of 50，75，100 mg/L of compo-
nent in n-hexane phase，the cell density of M． aeruginosa
didnt remain unchanged with the initial density，but presented
the linear decline． From the fifth day to the seventh day，the
density of algae cell which was added 25 mg/L of component
in n-hexane phase only slightly rose，but was still lower than
the initial density．
Fig． 2 Cell density of M． aeruginosa affected by n-hexane frac-
tion of Sophora japonica at the different concentrations
Seen from the curve of inhibitory rate(Fig． 3) ，after culti-
vation for 2 d，the inhibitory rate of each concentration on
M． aeruginosa reached above 50%． As the cultivation time
increased，the inhibitory rate also increased． But when the
concentration was 25 mg/L，the increase of inhibitory rate
was slower than that of other three higher concentrations． Af-
ter cultivation for 7 d，the inhibitory rates of four concentra-
8431 Agricultural Science ＆ Technology Vol． 12，No． 9，2011
Fig． 3 Inhibitory rate of M． aeruginosa affected by n-hexane frac-
tion of Sophora japonica at the different concentrations
tions on M． aeruginosa respectively reached 74． 95%，
94．19%，93．74% and 90．88%．
Influence of Sophora japonica component in n-hexane
phase on chlorophyll a content of M． aeruginosa
Under 50 mg/L of Sophora japonica component in n-hex-
ane phase，the variation of chlorophyll a content of M． aerugi-
nosa was measured． Seen from Fig． 4，the increase trend of
chlorophyll a content in the control group in the experimental
period was obvious． It increased from 238 to 421 mg/L on the
seventh day． The content of chlorophyll a in the treated group
presented the decline trend and declined to 68 mg/L on the
seventh day． It illustrated that the photosynthesis capacity of
algae cell has declined to the very low level． It showed that
the matter from Sophora japonica leaf could destroy the chlo-
rophyll of M． aeruginosa，which might be one of reasons for
affecting the algae growth．
Fig． 4 Chlorophyll a content of M． aeruginosa affected by
n-hexane fraction of Sophora japonica
Conclusions
The extract of Sophora japonica leaf had the inhibitory
effect on M． aeruginosa，and mainly included the polar and
non-polar components． The non-polar component (n-hexane
phase) ，which was less in content，inhibited the growth of
M． aeruginosa more significantly． When the concentration of
component in n-hexane phase was 25 mg/L，the inhibitory ratio
of M． aeruginosa growth closed to 75%． When the concentra-
tion of component in n-hexane phase reached and surpassed 50
mg/L，the inhibitory ratio of M． aeruginosa growth reached
above 90%，and the damage of chlorophyll a accompanied．
References
［1］ZHANG WH(张维昊)，XU XQ(徐小清)，QIU CQ(丘昌强)． Advance
in study on Microcystins in aquatic environment(水环境中微囊藻毒素
研究进展)［J］．Research of Environmental Sciences(环境科学研究)，
2001，14(2):57 －61．
［2］BLANCHETTE ML，HANEY JF． The effect of toxic Microcystis aerugi-
nosa on four different populations of Daphnia［J］． UNH Center for
Freshwater Biology Research，2002，4(1):1 －10．
［3］GILROY DJ，KAUFFMAN KW，HALL RA，et al． Assessing potential
health risks from microcystin toxins in blue －green algae dietary sup-
plements［J］． Environmental Health Perspectives，2000，108(5):435
－439．
［4］CODD GA． Cyano bacterial toxins，the perception of water quality，
and the prioritisation of eutrophication control［J］． Ecological Engi-
neering，2000，16:51 －60．
［5］JU YL(巨颖琳)，LI XM(李小明)． Studies on Allelopathic effects of
three Submerged Macrophytes on Phytoplankton(南四湖 3 种沉水植
物对铜绿微囊藻化感作用研究)［J］． Journal of Shandong University
(山东大学学报)，2011，46(3):1 －8．
［6］MA Y(马妍)，SHI FC(石福臣)，CHAI MW(柴民伟)，et al． Effects of
Allelochemicals from several terrestrial plants on Microcystis aerugino-
sa and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii(几种植物对铜绿微囊藻和莱茵衣藻
的影响) ［J］． Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Nankaiensis
(南开大学学报)，2010，43(3):81 －86．
［7］ZHANG TT(张庭廷)，CHEN CP(陈传平)，HE M(何梅)，et al． Allel-
opathic effects of several higher aquatic plants on algae(几种高等水
生植物的克藻效应研究)［J］． Journal of Biology(生物学杂志)，2007，
24(4):32 －35．
［8］XU J(徐洁)，LI XL(李小路)，CHEN HD(陈海东)，et al． Study on al-
lelochemicals in Ceratophyllum demersum(金鱼藻中抑藻化感物质的
研究)［J］． Environmental Pollution and Control(环境污染与防治)，
2007，30(1):28 －32．
［9］ZHANG X(张薛)，HU HY(胡洪营)，MEN YJ(门玉洁)． Inhibitory
effect of extract from barley straw on the growth of Microcystis aerugi-
nosa(大麦秆提取液对铜绿微囊藻生长的影响研究)［J］． Acta Scienti-
ae Circumstantiae(环境科学学报)，2007，27(12):1984 －1987．
［10］YANG WD(杨维东)，LIU YR(刘玉荣)，LIU JS(刘洁生)，et al． In-
hibitory effects and chemical basis of eucalyptus oreiliana wood
meals on the growth of Alexandrium tamarense(桉木粉对塔玛亚历山
大藻的抑制作用及其化学基础研究)［J］． Chinese Journal of Environ-
mental Science(环境科学)，2008，29(8):2296 －2301．
［11］YANG WD(杨维东)，OUYANG YJ(欧阳妤婧)，LIU JS(刘洁生)． In-
hibitory effects and chemical basis of cornstalk on the growth of Al-
exandrium tamarense(玉米秸秆对塔玛亚历山大藻生长的影响及化学
基础研究)［J］． Chinese Journal of Environmental Science(环境科
学)，2008，29(9):2470 －2471．
［12］ZHOU XJ(周晓见)，MIU L(缪莉)，JIN CL(靳翠丽)，et al． Inhibitory
effect of three Allelochemicals on growth of Microcystis aeruginosa
(广玉兰、龙爪槐和黄杨化感物质对铜绿微囊藻生长的抑制)［J］． En-
vironmental Pollution and Control(环境污染与防治)，2010，32(11):
34 －38．
［13］MIU L(缪莉)，DONG KM(董昆明)，LI N(李楠)，et al． Antialgal ac-
tivities of Allelochemical extracts from3 terrestrial plant species(三种
陆生植物化感物质提取液的抑藻活性研究)［J］． Agricultural Science
＆ Technology(农业科学与技术)，2010，11(7):20 －24，28．
［14］JIN CL(靳翠丽)，ZHOU XJ(周晓见)，LI N(李楠)，et al． The inhibi-
tory mechanism of Magnolia grandiflora linn extracts on Microcystis
aeruginosa(广玉兰提取物对铜绿微囊藻抑制作用的机制研究)［J］．
Environmental Pollution ＆ Control(环境污染与防治)，2011(5):50 －
53，58．
［15］DONG KM(董昆明)，MIU L(缪莉)，LI N(李楠)，et al． Analysis of
the inhibitory components from extracts of Magnolia Grandiflora leav-
es against Microcystis Aeruginosa(广玉兰浸提液中抑铜绿微囊藻化
学成分分析)［J］． Environmental Chemistry(环境化学)，2011(7):
1253 －1258．
［16］NAKAI S，INOUE Y，HOSOMI M，et al． Growth inhibition of blue －
green algae by Allelopathic effects of macrophytes［J］． Water
Science＆ Technology，1999，39(8):47 －53．
［17］CHEN YW(陈宇炜)，GAO XY(高锡云)． Comparison of two meth-
ods for Phytoplankton Chlorophyll －a concentration measurement(浮
游植物叶绿素 a含量测定方法的比较测定)［J］． Journal of Lake Sci-
ences(湖泊科学)，2000，12 (2):185 －188．
Responsible editor:SONG Ping Responsible proofreader:WU Xiao-yan
(Turn to page 1354)
9431ZHOU Xiao-jian et al． Study on the Inhibitory Effect of Sophora japonica Extracts against the Growth of Microcystis aeruginosa
环境风险事故应急救援系统的设计———以大连市为例)［J］． Journal
of Natural Disasters(自然灾害学报)，2004，13(2):119 －124．
［4］XIE M(谢明)，ZHU YX(朱雨新)． Study on the drought supervision
and decision －making system in Huaibei Area(淮北地区农业干旱
监测预警与决策服务系统研究)［J］． Journal of Anhui Agricultural
Sciences(安徽农业科学)，2009，37(3):1245 －1247．
［5］ZHU QA(朱求安)，ZHANG WC(张万昌)，YU JH(余钧辉)，et al．
The spatial interpolations in GIS(基于 GIS的空间插值方法研究)
［J］． Journal of Jiangxi Normal University:Natural Sciences Edition
(江西师范大学学报)，2004，28(2):183 －186．
［6］HE G(何䶮)，FU DP(傅德平)，ZHAO ZM(赵志敏)，et al． Analy-
sis of spatial interpolation methods to precipitation based on GIS in
Xinjiang(基于GIS的新疆降水空间插值方法分析)［J］． Research of
Soil and Water Conservation(水土保持研究)，2008，15(6):35 －
37．
［7］LIAO B(廖兵)，WEI KX(魏康霞)，FENG ML(冯明雷)，et al． De-
sign and implementation of GIS － based environmental risk infor-
mation system (基于GIS的环境风险信息系统设计与实现)［J］．
Science ＆ Technology Information(科技信息)，2009(23):420 －
422．
［8］HUANG QH，YANG YG，CHEN YH． Hydrological process factors
analysis of heihe River Mountain Basin based on GIS［J］． Agricul-
tural Science ＆ Technology，2010，11(3):147 －150．
［9］CHEN Y(陈钰)． The study on the development of agricultural recy-
cle economy in arid areas of Hexi Corridor(河西走廊干旱区农业循
环经济发展研究———以张掖市为例)［J］． Journal of Anhui Agricul-
tural Sciences(安徽农业科学)，2011，39(6):3726 －3728，3751．
［10］CHEN Q，WUWZ，ZHOU Q，et al． Synthesis analysis of soil ero-
sion for Three －River headwater region based on GIS［J］． Agri-
cultural Science ＆ Technology，2010，11(5):155 －158．
［11］ZHAO DY(赵冬艳)． Precipitation variation during the crop grow-
ing season and trend analysis of agricultural drought and flood in
Dalian City in recent 60 years(大连市作物生长季降水变化及农业
旱涝程度分析)［J］． Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences(安徽农
业科学)，2011，39(12):7516 －7517，7548．
［12］FEI L，TIAN QY，LI QJ． The anylasis of fitness on maize cultiva-
tion based on RS and GIS［J］． Agricultural Science ＆ Technolo-
gy，2010，11(6):75 －78．
［13］YANG BH(杨宝回)． Study on consecutive drought climate char-
acteristics and impacts assessment in summer，autumn，winter
and spring from 2009 to 2010 in Guangxi(广西20092010年夏秋冬
春连旱气候特征分析及影响评价)［J］． Journal of Anhui Agricultur-
al Sciences(安徽农业科学)，2011，39(16):9868 －9869，9984．
Responsible editor:SONG ping Responsible proofreader:
檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪
WU Xiao-yan
基于 GIS技术的农业干旱监测与评估系统(摘要)
李卫宁1，匡昭敏2* ，卢 远1，李 莉2，何 立2，罗永明2，曾行吉3
(1． 广西师范学院资源与环境科学学院，广西南宁 530001;2．广西壮族自治区气象减灾研究所 /国家卫星气象中心遥感应用试验基地，广西南宁
530022;3． 广西壮族自治区气象信息中心，广西南宁 530022)
［目的］简化制作农业干旱监测、评估产品的操作流程，提高监测评估图件的精细化水平。
［方法］综合运用 GIS和数学、气象学、管理学、计算机科学等技术手段和学科知识，以干旱监测、评估为核心，研发了基于 GIS技术的农业干
旱监测与评估系统。
［结果］应用该系统对广西 2006年 11月 4日的干旱进行监测，并用实际情况进行检验，证明取得了较好的监测效果。
［结论］基于 GIS的农业干旱监测与评估系统实现了 GIS与专业监测、评估模型的有机结合，提供了灵活的人机交互界面和可视化表达，实现
了农业干旱的监测、评估功能，具有较好的实用性和先进性。
关键词 农业干旱;监测与评估系统;GIS;专业模型
基金项目 广西自然科学基金项目(桂科自 0832205)，国家科技支撑计划题项目(2008BAK50B02-02)，广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂科攻
10123009-4)。
作者简介 李卫宁(1987 －)男，江苏金坛人，硕士研究生，研究方向:GIS二次开发，E-mail:leeweining@ 163． com。* 通讯作者，高级工程师，从事灾害
的监测、评估技术及 GIS、RS的应用研究，E-mail:kzhaomin@163． com。
收稿日期 2011-06-16 修回日期
欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁欁
2011-08-21
(From page 1349)
龙爪槐提取物对铜绿微囊藻生长的抑制作用研究(摘要)
周晓见1，2，夏 洁1，靳翠丽1，2，缪 莉1，2，董昆明1，2，封 克1，2*
(1．扬州大学环境科学与工程学院，江苏扬州 225127;2．扬州大学海洋科学与技术研究所，江苏扬州 225127)
［目的］探讨龙爪槐提取物对铜绿微囊藻生长的抑制作用。
［方法］测定了龙爪槐叶片浸取液对铜绿微囊藻的增殖抑制效果，并对活性组分进行了初步研究和分析。
［结果］龙爪槐叶片的无水乙醇浸提物经正己烷、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水依次分配后，提取物主要成分为极性组分(60%以上)，而含量约为
25%的非极性组分(正己烷相)具有显著的抑制铜绿微囊藻生长的效果。在 25和 50 mg /L正己烷相组分作用下铜绿微囊藻的 7 d生长抑制
率分别达 75%和 90%以上，同时还伴随着细胞中叶绿素 a的破坏。
［结论］为防治微囊藻水华提供了理论依据。
关键词 龙爪槐;铜绿微囊藻;正己烷相;叶绿素 a
基金项目 国家自然科学基金项目(41076097，41006097);教育部科学技术研究重点项目(211065);江苏省自然科学基金(BK2010322);江苏省环境
材料与环境工程重点实验室开放课题(K090027，K090025，K090026，K090028);江苏省教育厅研究生科技创新项目(M080960);扬州大学
“新世纪”人才工程项目。
作者简介 周晓见(1976 － )，男，安徽安庆人，副教授，博士，从事水环境生物学研究，E-mali:zhou_xiaojian@ 163． com。* 通讯作者，教授，博士，博士
生导师，从事环境科学领域研究，E-mali:fengke@ yzu． edu． cn。
收稿日期 2011-05-24 修回日期 2011-08-12
4531 Agricultural Science ＆ Technology Vol． 12，No．9，2011