摘 要 ：1996年经返回式卫星搭载处理的纯系高粱品种晋粮5号（CK）的种子经次年播种后，获得少量矮秆早熟突变体（SP3）。此后连续二年播种,该突变体矮秆早熟性状稳定。该突变体与未经搭载的对照相比，有如下不同之处：（1）成熟期缩短15 d左右，株高降低40 cm。（2）穗长增加3.9 cm ,每穗籽粒数比对照多400粒。（3）SP3平均千粒重为34 g，对照为27 g。（4）SP3叶片变窄，变短，增厚，叶面积减少了43%～22%。（5）SP3穗轴长度比对照增加30%，各节间长度比对照缩短了67%～15%。（6）SP3种子中亮氨酸含量比对照增加15%，可溶性糖含量比对照增加25%，单宁含量降低了30%。
Abstract:Seeds of a pure breeding sorghum ‘Jinliang No.5’(CK) were treat
ed by Chinese Reversal Man_made Satellite in 1996. A dwarf and earliness mutant (SP3) was obtained by selection from the returned seeds next year. The mutant has showed dwarf and earliness in subsequent 4 years. Comparing the SP3 with the control, there are many differences as follows: (1) The maturing period of the SP3 was 15 days earlier and the height of SP3 plant was 40 cm shorter
than the control. (2) The SP3 ear length inceased 3.9 cm and the kernel number per ear inceased 400. (3) The average 1000_grain weight of SP3 is 34 g and the control was 27 g. (4) The leaves of SP3 are shorter, narrower and thicker. So their leaf area deceased 43%～22%. (5) The length of ear axis for mutant increased 36% and the length of internode reduced 67%～15%. (6)The content of leucine in SP3 seeds increased 15%, soluble sugar of mutant increased 25%,its tannin decreased 30%.