The fingerprints of 21 domestic and 11 foreign sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) genotypes were generated using RAPD method. Twenty-five primers were screened from 80 ten-bp arbitrary primers, and a total of 188 DNA fragments were amplified ranging from 0.26-1.98 kb, among which 164 (87.2%) were polymorphic. The average number of DNA band produced by each primer was 7.52. The result of genetic similarity analysis for 32 sunflower genotypes showed that the Nei‘s coefficient ranged from 0.398 7-0.853 1, and the average Nei‘s coefficient was 0.6281. The Nei‘s coefficient of the 11 foreign sunflower genotypes ranged from 0.713 4-0.853 1, and the average Nei‘s coefficient was 0.782 8, suggesting that there was a close genetic relationship between them and a rich genetic polymorphism among the 21 domestic sunflower genotypes due to the Nei‘s coefficient (0.475 0-0.8206) and the average Nei‘s coefficient (0.6478). A DNA molecular dendrogram was established for 32 sunflower genotypes based on UPGMA cluster analysis of 188 DNA bands amplified by 25 primers, which divided the 32 sunflower genotypes into two groups: group A and group B. Group A divided into subgroups A1 and A2. A1 included 12 genotypes, viz., X10, Shaanxi sunflower, D-S12, Changling sunflower 6, Hei2-S2-2, T-C08, Changling sunflower 4, Baikui No.3, BH-10, J-S-B1, Zhangyebaizikui, C101-S4-3S4; A2 subgroup included 9 genotypes, viz., LK305-S8, LK, CS-7, Changling sunflower S2-S2, Huinan7-S1-3, Huinan, CY-XX19-XX2, Jikui 112, and Jikui 116. Group B was divided into subgroups B1 and B2. B1 included 10 France genotypes, viz., LG12028Q, LG9023R, CRN1435, SF9903, SF9902, S-3322, SH332, SH41, SF9001, CRN1445; B2 included only one genotype G101, which came from the USA.
向日葵种质资源的随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD!）研究
刘 杰 莫结胜 刘公社* 齐冬梅 李芳芳
（中国科学院植物研究所，北京100093）
摘要: 采用RAPD方法对我国 2 1个向日葵 (Helianthusannuus L .)基因型和 11个国外引进向日葵基因型进行分析 ,构建了它们的指纹图谱。从 80个随机引物中筛选出的 2 5个有效引物共产生 188条DNA片段 ,大小分布在 0 .2 6～1.98kb之间 ,其中 16 4条带具有遗传多态性 ,约占总数的 87.2 % ,平均每个引物扩增的DNA带数为 7.5 2条。 32个向日葵的遗传相似性分析表明 ,各基因型间的Nei氏相似性系数分布在 0 .3987～ 0 .85 3 1之间 ,平均相似性系数为0 .6 2 81。 11个国外向日葵基因型的Nei氏相似性系数分布在 0 .713 4～ 0 .85 3 1之间 ,平均相似性系数为 0 .782 8,说明国外基因型之间的遗传基础比较狭窄。 2 1个国内向日葵基因型的Nei氏相似性系数分布在 0 .475 0～ 0 .82 0 6 ,平均相似性系数为 0 .6 478,说明国内向日葵基因型之间的遗传多态性较为丰富。通过非加权算术平均数聚类(UPGMA)的方法 ,绘制出了 32个向日葵基因型之间的遗传关系树图。 32个向日葵基因型明显地聚成A、B两大类群。 2 1个国内向日葵基因型聚成了A1、A2两个亚类 ,A1组包括 :X10、陕西向日葵、D-S12 、长岭向日葵 6、黑 2-S2-2 、T-C0 8、长岭葵花 4、白葵 3号、BH-10、J-S-B1、张掖白子葵、C10 1-S4 3S4 等 12个基因型 ;A2组包括 :LK30 5-S8、LK、CS-7、长岭葵花S2-S2、辉南7-S1-3、辉南、CY-XX19-XX2、吉葵112、吉葵116等9个基因型。11个国外向日葵基因型划分为B1、B2两个亚类，B1组包括LG12028Q、LG9023R、CRN1435、SF9903、SF9902、S-3322、SH332、SH41、SF9001、CRN1445等10个法国基因型；B2组只有来自美国的G101一个材料。
关键词： 向日葵；RAPD；基因型；遗传相似性
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