Abstract:There are 11 species in Fagus, 5 of them are endemic to China. They are the major trees of deciduous broadleaved forest in Northern temperate region. This paper mainly deals with the relationship between the distribution of 5 species and 5 climatic indices. The results showed that the principal factor controlling the distribution of Fagus was the precipitation in growing season. The climatic change which resulted from Himalayan movement and the changes during pogt-glacial period and human disturbance also affect the contraction of the range of distribution.