全 文 ：植 物 分 类 学 报 44 (5): 598–603(2006) doi:10.1360/aps050105
Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica http://www.plantsystematics.com
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Received: 13 July 2005 Accepted: 26 December 2005
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant Nos. 30411120111, 30270102, and Russian Foundation
for Basic Research, Grant No. 03-04-39026-GFEN_a.
* Author for correspondence. E-mail: .
Some new floristic findings in Xinjiang, China
1Dmitry A. GERMAN 1Alexander I. SHMAKOV 2ZHANG Xian-Chun 2CHEN Wen-Li*
1Sergey V. SMIRNOV 2XIE Lei 3Rudolph V. KAMELIN 4WANG Jian
1 (Altai State University, Barnaul 656049, Russia)
2 (State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany,
the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China)
3 (Komarov Botanical Institute, St.-Petersburg 197376, Russia)
4 (Altay Prefecture Forest Science Institute, Xinjiang 836500, China)
Abstract One newly recorded genus to China, Rhammatophyllum O. E. Schulz, six newly
recorded species to China, Woodsia acuminata (Fomin) Sipl., Stellaria alsinoides Boiss. &
Buhse, Rh. erysimoides (Kar. & Kir.) Al-Shehbaz & O. Appel, Lappula krylovii
Ovczinnikova, A. I. Pjak & A. L. Ebel, Linaria hepatica Bunge and Valerianella szovitsiana
Fisch. & Mey., all found in Mts. Altai, northwestern Xinjiang are reported in this paper.
Key words Rhammatophyllum, Woodsia acuminata, Stellaria alsinoides, Rhammatophyllum
erysimoides, Lappula krylovii, Linaria hepatica, Valerianella szovitsiana, new record,
Xinjiang, China.
During conducting the program of “Joint Investigation of Altai Flora”, which is
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Russian Foundation
for Basic Research, one genus and six species are found as new records to China, and are here
reported. Among them, Linaria hepatica Bunge and Valerianella szovitsiana Fisch. & Mey.
were mentioned only in an ephemeral printed matter “An Index of Vascular Plants of
Xinjiang” (Xinjiang Institute of Biology, Pedology and Desert Research, Academia Sinica,
1975), without any collections cited. Furthermore, the distribution of these two species in
Xinjiang has not been confirmed by more recent publications (Hong, 1979; Hong et al., 1998;
Mamtimin, 2004), so they are also reported as new records to China herein.
1 Newly recorded genus
Rhammatophyllum O. E. Schulz in Repert. Spec. Nov. Reg. Veg. 33: 190. 1933.
假糖芥属 新拟
Stems erect to ascending, usually several at base, mostly simple in the upper part. Leaves
entire, linear to oblanceolate, sessile to short-petiolate. Flowers usually yellow, more rarely
creamy white or purple. Fruits oblong to linear latiseptate dehiscent siliques with torulose
valves; seeds flattened, uniseriate, usually winged (Al-Shehbaz & Appel, 2002; Kamelin,
2002; Appel & Al-Shehbaz, 2003).
The genus includes 8–9 species, which are subshrubs or small shrubs up to 40–45 cm
tall, usually densely covered with slender branched (malpighiaceous, submalpighiaceous with
a few lateral branches to subdendritic) trichomes.
Distribution: northern Afghanistan, China, Kyrgyzstan, western Mongolia,
Turkmenistan, Tajikistan. Mountain regions on semi-desert slopes or dry steppe
No. 5 Dmitry A. GERMAN et al.: Some new floristic findings in Xinjiang, China 599
(Botschanczev, 1987; Al-Shehbaz & Appel, 2002; Kamelin, 2002; Appel & Al-Shehbaz,
2003).
On the basis of distribution and habitats of its species, the finding of any representatives
of Rhammatophyllum in Xinjiang (Chinese Junggar, southern foothills of Altai, etc.) is not
surprising.
2 Newly recorded species
1. Woodsia acuminata (Fomin) Sipl. in Nov. Syst. Plant. Vasc. 11: 327. 1974. Type: Russia.
Nerchinsk region: Argun basin, Uryumkan system, valley of Upper Shurusheza, 1909-07-22,
I. Krasheninnikov s.n. (lectotype, LE!, designated by Schmakov & Kisselev, 1995).
渐尖岩蕨 新拟
W. acuminata is the closest relative of W. ilvensis R. Br., but can be easily distinguished
from the latter by having linear-lanceolate, distally strongly attenuate, acute leaf blades with
oblong-lanceolate to lanceolate, acute pinnae.
Fronds linear-lanceolate, apex obviously attenuate, acute; pinnae of first range oblong-lanceolate or
lanceolate, acute …………………………………………………………………… Woodsia acuminata
Fronds lanceolate, acute; pinnae of first range oblong-ovate, obtuse ………………………………W. ilvensis
Distribution: China, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia (The distribution area of the species
streches from Russian Altai in the west through the mountains of southern Siberia and
northern Mongolia to the Russian Far East) (Schmakov & Kisselev, 1995; Gubanov, 1996;
Shmakov, 1999, 2003).
China. Xinjiang (新疆): Burqin (布尔津), Habahe (Kabinsky) range, between the Kanas Lake and
Pyurbe Village, 48°44′ N, 86°51′ E, alt. 1600 m, rock crevices, 2004-05-26, Sino-Russian Altai Exped. (中俄
阿尔泰考察队) 2004266 (PE, ALTB).
The species was recently reported from northeastern China with some uncertainty and
without precise localities (Shmakov, 2003). Our collection from Xinjiang confirms its
occurrence in China.
2. Stellaria alsinoides Boiss. & Buhse in Nouv. Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 12: 41. 1860. Type:
Northeastern Iran. Ridge near Yezd, vicinities of Mazvor, 1849-05-05, fl., fr., Buhse s.n.
(lectotype not designated, G, LE).
短命繁缕 新拟
Annual, ephemeral, 5–15 cm tall, glabrous throughout or pubescent basally. Stems
filiform, dichotomically branched; leaves linear to narrow linear-lanceolate, 10–20 mm long
1–2 mm wide, acute, apex pointed. Inflorescence lax; sepals 4, lanceolate, apex pointed,
margin hyaline, 3–4 mm long; petals 4, somewhat shorter than sepals, linear, apically up to
1/4 incised, white; styles 2; capsule slightly shorter than calyx, 4-lobed; seeds 4–6.
Distribution: China, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, western Mongolia, Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.
China. Xinjiang (新疆): Altay (阿勒泰), in the southern vicinities of Altay, on the left bank of the Kran
River, 47°49′ N, 88°12′ E, south stony steppe slopes, 2004-05-23, Sino-Russian Altai Exped. (中俄阿尔泰考
察队) 2004115a (PE, ALTB).
Based on the annual habit and some morphological characters, such as pointed leaves
and sepals, flowers with four sepals and four petals, capsules with few seeds, the species
sometimes is included in a monotypic genus Tytthostemma Nevski (Adylov, 1971). However,
such characters also happen in some other Middle Asian representatives of Stellaria L., so we
accept it as a representative of the monotypic section Pseudoalsine Boiss. of the genus
Stellaria rather than as a species of another genus, Tytthostemma, for the flora of China.
Untill recently, S. alsinoides was found from central to southwestern Asia with the most
northeastern localities in eastern Kazakhstan (Bajtenov & Pavlov, 1960; Adylov, 1971). In
Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica Vol. 44 600
1984, it was collected from western Mongolia (Dzungarian Gobi and Mongolian Altai)
(Kamelin et al., 1985). Since then a considerable gap in the distribution range of the species
between eastern Kazakhstan and western Mongolia (e.g. northern Xinjiang) has appeared,
which is similar to the case of Rhammatophyllum erysimoides. Our collection from Mts. Altai
bridges this gap. S. alsinoides is an ephemeral plant with small habit, which is the reason why
it can be easily missed during the field work. If a further investigation on early spring flora of
this area is carried out, it is possible to collect this species in the other parts of Xinjiang.
3. Rhammatophyllum erysimoides (Kar. & Kir.) Al-Shehbaz & O. Appel in Novon 12: 3.
2002. Type: Kazakhstan. In clay desert between rivers Chulak and Ai, 1841, Karelin &
Kirilov 1192 (lectotype, isolectotypes, LE!, designated by Gubanov et al., 1998).
假糖芥 新拟
Subshrub, 20–40 cm tall, pubescent throughout with slender submalpighiaceous
trichomes with a few lateral branches. Stems erect, woody, branched at base. Leaves entire,
base attenuate, apex obtuse or subacute, lowermost short-petiolate, upper sessile; leaf blade
lanceolate to linear, 2–3(5) cm long, 1–4 mm wide. Racemes ebracteate; fruiting pedicels
divaricate-ascending, 5–10(15) mm, straight to slightly curved. Sepals oblong, 3–5 mm long,
1.2–2 mm wide, lateral pair slightly saccate at base. Petals obovate, yellow, 7–10 mm long,
2.5–4.5 mm wide, apex rounded. Short filaments 4.5–5.5 mm, long filaments 6–7 mm; anthers
sagittate, 1.2–2 mm. Ovules 20–30 per ovary. Fruit linear, (2)3–5 cm long, 1.4–1.8 mm wide;
valves flat, tomentose, torulose, with inconspicuous midvein; style to 1 mm; stigma
capitate-emarginate. Seeds brown, oblong, 1.2–1.5 mm long, 1–1.2 mm wide, uniseriate,
narrowly winged.
Distribution: China, eastern Kazakhstan.
China. Xinjiang (新疆): Altay (阿勒泰), on the right bank of the Kran River, 47°50′ N, 88°12′ E, alt.
900 m, stony steppe slopes, 2004-05-22, Sino-Russian Altai Exped. (中俄阿尔泰考察队) 2004015 (PE,
ALTB).
The species represents a newly recorded genus, Rhammatophyllum, to the flora of China.
Since 1842 when it was first described by Karelin and Kirilov, it has been known only from
the type collection from Balkhash-Alakol Basin of eastern Kazakhstan (Kamelin, 2002).
Recently, it was also found in Zaissan Basin which is on the border of Kazakhstan and China
(Kamelin, 2002; German, 2003). Before our study, Rhammatophyllum erysimoides was
treated as an endemic species to Kazakhstan (Al-Shehbaz & Appel, 2002; Kamelin, 2002).
Rhammatophyllum erysimoides was reported as a newly recorded species and genus to
Mongolia (Kamelin et al., 1985). But soon the Mongolian plant was described as a distinct
species, Prionotrichon kamelinii Botsch. (=Rh. kamelinii (Botsch.) Al-Shehbaz & O. Appel),
which is the closest relative to Rh. erysimoides (Botschantzev, 1987). It had ever been treated
as an endemic species to Mongolian Altai (Gubanov, 1996; Al-Shehbaz & Appel, 2002;
Kamelin, 2002), but it was also found in Mongolian Dzungarian Gobi which is adjacent to the
Chinese-Mongolian border (Smirnov et al., 2003).
The plants of Rhammatophyllum usually grow on dry steppe or semi-desert of mountain
regions, so it was quite expectable that the species is also distributed in Xinjiang. This
distribution was also predicted by Al-Shehbaz and Appel (2002) and German (2003).
Undoubtedly, Rh. erysimoides is a widely distributed species, rather than an endemic one to
Kazakhstan (Al-Shehbaz & Appel, 2002; Kamelin, 2002), and very likely will be found not
only from Altay, but also from other parts of northern Xinjiang.
4. Lappula krylovii Ovczinnikova, A. I. Pjak & A. L. Ebel in Turczaninowia 7 (2): 5. 2004.
Type: Russia. Altai Republic: Kosh-Agatch distr., lower reaches of Tchegan-Uzun, clay
semi-desert, 1989-07-18. A. Revushkin et al. s.n. (holotype, LE!; isotypes, TK, NSK).
克氏鹤虱 新拟
No. 5 Dmitry A. GERMAN et al.: Some new floristic findings in Xinjiang, China 601
Annual, much branched at base, moderately hispid, 4–15 cm tall. Leaves
linear-lanceolate, up to 1.5 cm long and 3 mm wide, hirsute. Inflorescences terminal,
crowded, becoming lax in fruit; bracts linear-lanceolate, up to 3 mm long. Fruiting pedicels
divaricate, 2.3–3.5 mm long. Calyx 5-parted, lobes linear, 1.0–1.2 mm to 1.5 mm long in fruit.
Corolla blue, ca. 1.5 mm long, tube 0.7–0.8 mm in diam., limb 0.9–1.0 mm in diam.; anthers
dark-brown, 0.2 mm long. Gynobase not surpassing nutlets. Fruit 3–4.5 mm in diam. Nutlets
dark-brown, widely pyramidal-ovoid, adaxially shiny, wrinkled, ca. 2.5 mm long. Disc
glabrous, slightly granulose on middle; margin prominent, forming a wing; wing wide,
involute, almost covering the disc, with a single row of 5 glochids on each side up to 1.5 mm,
base slightly widened.
Distribution: China, eastern Kazakhstan, Russia (Altai).
China. Xinjiang (新疆): Burqin (布尔津), 20 km to western Burqin, on the right bank of Ertix River,
47°50′ N, 86°40′ E, coloured clay, 2004-05-25, Sino-Russian Altai Exped. (中俄阿尔泰考察队) 2004219 (PE,
ALTB).
This species differs from the related species, L. balchaschensis M. Popov ex Pavlov, by
having more developed marginal parts of nutlets, which almost completely cover the disk and
longer glochids (up to 1.5 mm long); from L. diploloma (Schrenk) Guerke by having
adaxially shiny wrinkled nutlets, lower (4–15 cm tall) and basally branched stems (L.
diploloma has stems 15–30 cm tall, branched in the upper part); and from both of them by
having smaller flowers (1.5 mm long) and nutlets (2.5 mm long) (Ovczinnikova et al., 2004),
and dark brown to black nutlets (nutlets pale in L. balchaschensis and L. diploloma).
The species was recently described based on the specimens collected from northeastern
Kazakhstan (Zaissan basin) and the desert part of Russian Altai (Chuiskaya steppe). Our
collection from Xinjiang fills its distribution gap between Kazakhstan and Russia.
5. Linaria hepatica Bunge in Ledeb., Icon. Pl. Fl. Ross. 1: 22. 1829. Type: Kazakhstan.
Dzungaria: Kurchum, in rocks of Arkaul and Dolenkara mountains, 1826-04, C. A. Meyer
s.n..
肝色柳穿鱼 新拟
Perennial, 10–40 cm tall. Stems erect, base branched or rarely simple, glabrous. Leaves
alternate, sessile, base cuneate, apex acute; lower ones widely lanceolate to linear-lanceolate,
2.5–5 cm long, 2–5(10) mm wide, upper ones linear to filiform, smaller. Inflorescence spicate,
2–10-flowered, elongated up to 5–7 cm in fruit; bracts ovate to lanceolate, as long as or twice
longer than pedicels. Fruiting pedicels 3–4 mm long; calyx glabrous or margin pubescent with
glandular hairs; lobes ovate to oblong-elliptic, obtuse, ca. 5 mm long. Corolla brown,
brown-yellowish to violet-yellowish, 13–16 mm long (excluding spur); upper lip longer than
lower one, emarginated, yellowish-violet, ca. 3 mm long, lobes ovate, obtuse; lower lip
brown-violet, with an orange spot inside, covered with yellow hairs outside and with white
hairs at margin. Tube yellow, 5–7 mm in diam.; spur yellow, 6–13 mm long, straight or
slightly curved. Capsule subglobose or globose-elliptic, 8–10 mm long and 6–8 mm wide;
seeds disclike, black, with a wide margin.
Distribution: China, eastern Kazakhstan, western Mongolia.
China. Xinjiang (新疆): Altay (阿勒泰), on the left bank of the Kran River, 47°49′ N, 88°12′ E, alt. 900
m, south stony steppe slopes, 2004-05-23, Sino-Russian Altai Exped. (中俄阿尔泰考察队) 2004021 (PE,
ALTB); Qinghe (青河), 35 km SW Qinghe (Qinggil), valley of Ulkun-Qinggil, 46°32′ N, 90°01.5′ E, stony
steppe slopes, 2004-05-28, Sino-Russian Altai Exped. (中俄阿尔泰考察队) 20040324 (PE, ALTB).
As L. hepatica is a common component on dry steppe slopes of eastern Kazakhstan
(Semiotrotscheva, 1965) and western Mongolia (Gubanov, 1996; Smirnov et al., 2003), the
finding of the species from northwestern Xinjiang (Altai and Junggar) is quite predictable.
6. Valerianella szovitsiana Fisch. & Mey. in Ind. Sem. Horti Petrop. 3: 48. 1836. Type:
Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica Vol. 44 602
Northern Iran. Azerbaijan, prov. Khvoy, 1828-05-11, Szovits 217 (holotype, LE!; isotype, K).
佐氏新缬草 新拟
Annual, ephemeral, 5–20 (35) cm tall. Stems glabrous or sparsely pubescent basally,
widely dichotomous branching in the upper part, rarely at base. Leaves opposite, several
pairs; leaf blade linear to oblong-lanceolate, base entire or dentate-pinnatifid.
Flowers minute, white, in dense capitate inflorescences at apex of stem, or solitary at point of
bifurcation of a stem. Fruit ovate to oblong-ovate, 3–4 mm long, 2–2.5 mm in diam., slightly
curved, with a cave at back, pubescent dorsally or glabrous throughout; sterile (lateral) locules
wider than the fertile one. Calyx limb in fruit unequally dentate, with one horizontally
reflexed linear tooth 3–4 mm long short forked at the end.
Distribution: Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, China, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.
China. Xinjiang (新疆): Altay (阿勒泰), in the S vicinities of Altay, on the left bank of the Kran River,
47°49′ N, 88°12′ E, south stony steppe slopes, 2004-05-23, Sino-Russian Altai Exped. (中俄阿尔泰考察队)
2004040a (PE, ALTB).
V. szovitsiana is one of the most widely distributed representatives of the genus. Its
distribution area stretches from the very east of the Balkans at the west through Turkey,
southern Caucasus, southwestern and middle Asia to the eastern Kazakhstan
(Balkhash-Alakul region) at the east (Linczevsky, 1958; Zaitseva, 1965). The new finding
represents the north-eastern limit of distribution for the species and for the whole genus
Valerianella Mill.
Acknowledgements We are grateful to Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz (Missouri Botanical Garden,
St.-Louis) for his confirming on the identification of Rhammatophyllum erysimoides, Peter A.
Kosachev (South-Siberian Botanical Garden, Barnaul) for his confirming on the identification
of Linaria hepatica, and Nadezhda A. Usik (South-Siberian Botanical Garden, Barnaul) for
her help on determining the Lappula krylovii.
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新疆植物区系新资料
1Dmitry A. GERMAN 1Alexander I. SHMAKOV 2张宪春 2陈文俐*
1Sergey V. SMIRNOV 2谢 磊 3Rudolph V. KAMELIN 4王 健
1 (Altai State University, Barnaul 656049, Russia)
2 (系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室, 中国科学院植物研究所 北京 100093)
3 (Komarov Botanical Institute, St.-Petersburg 197376, Russia)
4 (新疆阿勒泰地区林业科学研究所 新疆 836500)

摘要 报道了采自新疆阿尔泰山地区的1个中国新记录属假糖芥属Rhammatophyllum O. E. Schulz, 6个
中国新记录种——渐尖岩蕨Woodsia acuminata (Fomin) Sipl.、短命繁缕Stellaria alsinoides Boiss. &
Buhse、假糖芥Rh. erysimoides (Kar. & Kir.) Al-Shehbaz & O. Appel、克氏鹤虱Lappula krylovii
Ovczinnikova, A. I. Pjak & A. L. Ebel、肝色柳穿鱼Linaria hepatica Bunge和佐氏新缬草Valerianella
szovitsiana Fisch. & Mey.。
关键词 假糖芥属; 渐尖岩蕨; 短命繁缕; 假糖芥; 克氏鹤虱; 肝色柳穿鱼; 佐氏新缬草; 新记录; 新
疆; 中国