作 者 ：Chen Zhi-Duan, Zhang Zhi-Yun
期 刊 ：植物分类学报 1991年 2期
关键词：桦木科气孔器叶表皮特征；
Keywords:Betulaceae, stomatal apparatus, Foliar surface features,
Abstract:
Light and scanning electron microscopes were used to examine foliar epidermal
features such as the shape of epidermal cells, the type of stomatal apparatus and outer
stomatal rim in 38 species of 6 genera of the Betulaceae. Four types of stomatal apparatus on
mature leaves are recognized in this survey: anomocytic, cyclocytic, non-typical actinocytic
and brachyparacytic. The foliar epidermal characters and character states are taxonomically
useful for the identification of genera and the division of tribes.
The generalized evolutionary scheme for foliar epidermal features is fairly closely corre-
lated with the generic relationships proposed in other studies (Abbe, 1935, 1974; Brunner &
Fairbrothers, 1979; Hall, 1952; Kikuzava, 1982; Kuprianova, 1963)and it is clear that foliar
epidermal morphology can be an important taxonomic character added to others for deter-
mining evolutionary relationships. The explanations of generic relationships are based on
our hypothesis that anomocytic stomatal apparatus, uni-layered outer stomatal rim, having
not T-pieces at the polar region of guard cells and straight anticlinal wall of lower epidermal
cell are from the ancestor (Fig. 1). Sinuolate or sinuate anticlinal wall of lower epidermal
cells and non-typical actinocytic stomatal apparatus, present in Corylus, Ostryopsis, Ostrya
and Carpinus of the Betulaceae, correlates with the separation of Coryleae from
Betuleae. Betuleae including Alnus and Betula is considered primitive with more primitive
characters. Of Coryleae, Carpinus might be the most advanced, with brachyparacytic
stomatal apparatus and double-layered outer stomatal rim.