作 者 ：Zhang Ding-Cheng, Shao Jian-Zhang, Wang Xiao-Quan
期 刊 ：植物分类学报 1992年 1期
Keywords:Karyotype, Cytotaxonomy,
Abstract:
This paper reports chromosome numbers and karyotypes of five species of the ge-
nus Fritillaria from south Anhui. The origin of the material used in this work is provided in
Table 1, micrographs of mitotic metaphase in Plate 1,2, and the parameters of chromosomes
in Table 2. Except F. thunbergii Miq., the karyotypes and chromosome numbers of all the
species in this paper were studied for the first time. The results are shown as follows:
1. Fritillaria qimenensis D. C. Zhang et J. Z. Shao
Collected from Qimen, Anhui, it has the karyotype formula 2n = 24+4Bs = 3m+lsm+8st
(2sc)+12t (2sc)+4Bs (Plate 1:1, 2). The chromosomes range in length 8.72-19.13μm, with the
ratio of the longest to the shortest 2.19. Therefore, the karyotype belongs to Stebbins’
(1971) 3B. The secondary constrictions are found on the long arms of 7th and 10th pairs. All
the five B-chromosomes are of terminal centromeres. The two chromosomes of the second
pair show heteromorphy (Fig. 1, E) with arm ratios 1.86 and 1.56 respectively.
2. Fritillaria monantha Miq. var. tonglingensis S. C. Chen et S. F. Yin
Collected from Tongling, Anhui, this species is shown to have three chromosome num-
bers, 2n =24+5Bs, 2n=24+2Bs and 2n=24. This paper reports 2 cytotypes: Type I:
2n = 24+5Bs = 4m+8st (2sc) +12t (2sc) +5Bs (Plate 1: 3, 4). The chromosomes range in length
from 10.40 to 22.19μm, with the ratio of the longest to the shortest 2.13. It belongs to 3B of
stebbins’(1971) karyotypic symmetry. The secondary constrictions are found on the short
arms of 7th and the long arms of 9th chromosome pairs. The metacentric B-chromosomes
and the small satellites located on the short arms are major characters of this cytotype. Type
II: 2n=24=2m+2sm+8st(2sc)+12t(2sc) (Plate 1:5, 6). The chromosomes range in length
from 13.84 to 29.81μm, with the ratio of the longest to the shortest 2.15. The karyotype be-
longs to Stebbins’3B. The secondary constrictions are found on the long arms of 5th and
10th pairs. No B-chromosomes are found.
3. Fritillaria xiaobeimu Y. K. Yang, J. Z. Shao et M. M. Fang
Collected from Ningguo, Anhui, it has karyotype formula 2n = 24 = 2m+2sm+10st (4sc)
+ 10t (Plate 2:7, 8). The chromosomes range in length from 13.86 to 26.27μm, with the ratio
of the longest to the shortest 1.89. The karyotype belongs to stebbins’3A. The secondary
constrictions are found on the long arms of 7th and 9th pairs.
4. Fritillaria ningguoensis S. C. Chen et S. F. Yin
Collected from Ningguo, Anhui, it is of karyotype formula 2n = 24 = 2m+2sm+8st (2sc)
+12t (Plate 2: 9, 10). The chromosomes range in length from 9.11 to 23.23μm, with the ratio
of the longest to the shortest 2.55. The karyotype belongs to Stebbins’3B. The secondary
constrictions are only found on the long arms of the 10 th pair.
5. Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.
Collected from Ningguo, Anhui, it is of karyotype formula 2n = 24 = 2m+2sm+8st(2sc)
+12t(2sc)(Plate 2:11, 12). The chromosomes range in length from 8.83 to 19.85μm, with the
ratio of the longest to the shortest 2.25. The karyotype belongs to stebbins’3B. There are
secondary constrictions on the long arms of 5th and 7th pairs. The karyotype of the Ningguo
material is similar to that of the Huoqiu (Anhui) material reported by Xu Jin-lin et al.
(1987), but it is obviously different from 2n=2m(sc)+2sm+4st(2sc)+16t (2sc) reported by
Zhai et al. (1985) for the material from Xingjiang, Northwest China.