全 文 ：植 物 分 类 学 报 45 (3): 307–310(2007) doi:10.1360/aps06073
Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica http://www.plantsystematics.com
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2006-04-26收稿, 2006-12-27收修改稿。
中国竹亚科镰序竹属一新种——匍匐镰序竹
陈松河 王振忠
(厦门市园林植物园 厦门 361003)
Drepanostachyum stoloniforme S. H. Chen & Z. Z. Wang,
a new species of Bambusoideae from China
CHEN Song-He WANG Zhen-Zhong
(Xiamen Botanical Garden, Xiamen 361003, China)
Abstract A new species of the genus Drepanostachyum Keng f. of Bambusoideae from
China, D. stoloniforme S. H. Chen & Z. Z. Wang, which was found to grow in Xiamen
Botanical Garden, Fujian Province, is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to
D. microphyllum (Hsueh & Yi) Keng f. ex Yi, but differs by having distinctly thin liana, culm
diameter 3–6 mm, culm wall 1 mm; 25–55 nodes in whole culm, internode of the basic culms
5–9 cm long, internode of the middle culms 13–18 cm long, joint of the node 1–2 mm long;
the sheath tongue about 0.5 mm high, the cilium of the sheath tongue about 2 mm long; the
ligula about 3 mm high, and the cilium of the ligula about 4 mm long; the small leaf 2–6 cm
long and 0.3–0.6 cm wide in adult bamboo, and its secondary veins with 3–4 couplets.
Key words Drepanostachyum, Drepanostachyum stoloniforme S. H. Chen & Z. Z. Wang,
Bambusoideae, new species, Xiamen, China.
摘要 报道了福建厦门园林植物园发现的中国竹亚科Bambusoideae镰序竹属一新种——匍匐镰序竹
Drepanostachyum stoloniforme S. H. Chen & Z. Z. Wang。该种与坝竹D. microphyllum (Hsueh & Yi) Keng
f. ex Yi相似, 区别在于本种植株藤本状极明显, 竿匍匐状, 较细, 竿直径3–6 mm, 竿壁厚约1 mm; 全竿
25–55节, 竿基部数节节间长5–9 cm, 中部节间长13–18 cm, 节内长1–2 mm; 箨舌高约0.5 mm, 具长约2
mm的纤毛; 叶舌高约3 mm, 具长约4 mm纤毛; 叶片较小, 在成竹时长2–6 cm, 宽0.3–0.6 cm, 叶片次
脉3–4对。
关键词 镰序竹属; 匍匐镰序竹; 竹亚科; 新种; 厦门; 中国
作者于2004年2月前后在调查整理福建厦门地区竹类, 特别是厦门园林植物园建园
40多年来引种栽培的竹类植物时, 采集制作了该园于1976年引自贵州的该竹类植物的具
花标本。该植物栽植于厦门园林植物园标本楼庭院, 沙壤土, 水肥条件较好, 2004年2月见
少量开花, 2005年3–4月大量开花, 4–5月结果(现育有竹苗),10–11月母竹即枯死。作者原将
该竹定为坝竹Drepanostachyum microphyllum (Hsueh & Yi) Keng f. ex Yi, 并对其繁殖器
官进行了补充描述(陈松河, 王振忠, 2004)。后来随着研究材料的丰富和研究工作的深入,
经仔细查对相关文献资料和核对近缘种标本, 发现该竹虽然与坝竹相似, 但其植株整体
形态及竿、竿节、竿箨、叶、叶舌、叶鞘等特征均与后者有明显的区别, 其繁殖器官也
与近缘竹种有明显区别。现根据其营养器官和生殖器官的特征确定该植物为镰序竹属
Drepanostachyum Keng f.一新种。
植 物 分 类 学 报 45卷 308
匍匐镰序竹 新种 图1
Drepanostachyum stoloniforme S. H. Chen & Z. Z. Wang, sp. nov. Fig. 1
Species nova haec Drepanostachyo microphyllo (Hsueh & Yi) Keng f. ex Yi affinis, sed
stirpibus lianis simillimis, culmis stoloniformibus gracilibus 3–6 mm diam. 25–55-nodibus,
parietibus circ. 1 mm crassis, internodiis basalibus 5–9 cm longis medianis 13–18 cm longis,
intranodiis 1–2 mm longis, ligula vaginae circ. 0.5 mm alta apice ciliis circ. 2 mm longis
obtecta; foliorum ligulis truncatis circ. 3 mm longis ciliis circ. 4 mm longis obtectis prope
maturitatem 2–6 cm longis 0.3–0.6 cm latis, earum nervis secundariis 3–4-jugis differt.
Rhizoma sympodiale. Culmi lianis similes, 3–5 m longi, 3–6 mm diam., parietibus circ. 1
mm crassis, 25–55-nodes, internodiis basalibus 5–9 cm longis medianis 13–18 cm longis
cylindricis viridulis vel flavo-virentibus primo leviter farinosis demum glabris nitidis; nodi
vaginarum prominentes, residuis basium vaginarum instructi, glabri; nodi culmorum aliquanto
prominentes, intranodiis 1–2 mm longis. Vaginae culmorum internodiis breviores, longe
triangulatae, crasse papyraceae, cinereo-fulvae, apice 1–2 mm latae, dorso laeves, glabrae,
conspicue longitudinaliter striatae, margine membranaceae; auriculae nullae; ligulae truncatae
vel leviter recavae, circ. 0.5 mm altae, apice ciliis circ. 2 mm longis obtectae; laminae
reflexae, subulatae vel lineari-lanceolatae, glabrae, basi rotundatae, apice acuminatae, margine
involutae; rami ad quemque nodum 5–14 fasciculati, interdum ramus primarius 1 in numero,
arrectus, culmis subaequicrassus, ramis lateralibus gracilioribus, circ. 0.4 mm diam., nodis
ramorum et nodis vaginarum conspicuioribus, internodiis circ. 0.5 mm longis. Folia 3–10 in
quoque ramulo; vaginae foliorum glabrae, 2–6 cm longae, margine tenues, purpurae; auriculae
nullae; ligulae truncatae, circ. 3 mm longae, superne margine serrulatae et ciliatae, ciliis circ. 4
mm longis; laminae papyraceae, anguste lanceolatae, juventute 4–11 cm longae, 0.8–2 cm
latae, maturitate 2–6 cm longae, 0.3–0.6 cm latae, superne virides, subtus viridulae, utrinque
glabrae, apice acuminatae, basi attenuatae, nervis secundariis 3–4-jugis, nervillis transversis
obscuris, margine serrulatae necnon scabrae; petioli 1–2 mm longi. Rami floriferi 100–200 cm
longi, ad nodos denuo furcati; racemi vel paniculae simplices; rhaches graciles,
undulato-flexuosae, 4–17 mm longae; bracteae 2, chartaceae; spiculae 3–4-florae, virides,
laxae, 12–15 mm longae; pedicellis gracilibus, undulato-flexuosis, longissimis 17–19 mm,
ceteris 6–15 mm longis vel nullis; rhachillae articuli glabri, clavati, 1–2 mm longi, aliquanto
compressi, apice inflati; glumae 2, membranaceae, 4–6 mm longae, prima 3–5-nervis, secunda
4–5-nervis; lemmata lanceolata, 7–11 mm longa, 3–4 mm lata, 7–9-nervia, glabra, apice
acuminata; paleae 8–9 mm longae, 3–4 mm latae,dorso 2-carinatae, apice bifidae; lodiculae 3,
ovatae, piliferae; stamina 3, 4–5 mm longa; ovarium longe ellipticum, glabrum, circ. 4 mm
longum, breviter stipitatum; stylus brevis; stigmata 3, plumose. Caryopsis anguste oblonga,
1–1.2 cm longa, 2.5–2.7 mm diam., brunnea, pericarpio crassiore glabro 7–11-carinato,
ventrali manifesta sutura basi acuta, apice styli basi persistente rostriformi instructo, albumine
copioso albo. Martio et Aprili floret. Turiones Augusta crescentes.
China. Fujian (福建): Xiamen (厦门), Xiamen Botanical Garden (XMBG) (厦门园林
植物园), alt. 110–200 m, 2004-02-18, S. H. Chen (陈松河) 2004-002 (holotype, PE; isotype,
XMBG), 2004-02-20, S. H. Chen (陈松河) 2004-003 (XMBG)。
地下茎合轴型。竿藤本状, 丛生, 长3–5 m。全竿具25–55节, 基部数节节间长5–9 cm,
中部节间长13–18 cm; 直径3–6 mm; 竿壁厚约1 mm; 节间圆筒形, 淡绿色或黄绿色, 幼
时微被白粉, 老时无毛, 有光泽; 箨环隆起, 具箨鞘基部的残留物, 无毛; 竿环稍隆起;
节内长1–2 mm。箨鞘短于节间, 长三角形, 厚纸质, 灰褐色, 先端宽1–2 mm, 背部光滑,
无毛, 纵脉纹明显, 边缘膜质; 箨耳无; 箨舌截形或微下凹, 高约0.5 mm, 先端具长约2
3期 陈松河, 王振忠: 中国竹亚科镰序竹属一新种——匍匐镰序竹 309


图1 匍匐镰序竹 A, 花枝的一部分; B, 小穗; C, 外稃; D, 内稃, 腹面观; E, 鳞被; F, 雌蕊; G, 雄蕊; H, 叶枝; I,
叶片局部放大, 示叶舌上的纤毛; J, 竿之一段, 示一主枝及多数纤细的小枝; K, 竿箨。(孙英宝根据陈松河2004-002
号标本绘)
Fig. 1. Drepanostachyum stoloniforme S. H. Chen & Z. Z. Wang. A, a part of flowering branch; B, spikelet; C, lemma;
D, palea abdomen; E, squama; F, pistil; G, stamen; H, branchlet with leaves; I, enlarged part leaf; J, a part of culm, showing
its branching pattern; K, culm-sheath. Drawn by Y. B. SUN from S. H. Chen 2004-002.

植 物 分 类 学 报 45卷 310
mm的纤毛; 箨片外翻, 锥形或条状披针形, 无毛, 基部作圆弧形向内收窄, 先端渐尖,
边缘内卷; 竿每节簇生5–14枝, 有时具1枚较粗的主枝, 枝上举, 直径与主竿相近, 侧枝
较细, 直径约0.4 mm, 枝环与箨环较明显, 侧枝节内长约0.5 mm。叶在每小枝有3–10枚,
叶鞘无毛, 长2–6 cm, 边缘质薄而略带紫色; 叶耳无; 叶舌截形, 高约3 mm, 上缘具细锯
齿和长约4 mm的纤毛; 叶片纸质, 窄披针形, 在幼竹时长4–11 cm, 宽0.8–2 cm, 在成竹
时长2–6 cm, 宽0.3–0.6 cm, 上面绿色, 下面淡绿色, 两面均无毛, 先端渐尖, 基部渐窄,
叶柄长1–2 mm, 次脉3–4对, 小横脉不明显, 叶缘具细锯齿而粗糙。花枝长100–200 cm,
节上可再分具花次生枝; 花序为总状花序或简单的圆锥花序; 花序轴较明显, 纤细而有
波曲, 长4–17 mm; 基部托有2苞片, 纸质; 小穗含3–4朵小花, 绿色, 其排列较疏松, 长
12–15 mm; 小穗有柄或无柄, 具柄的柄纤细, 呈毛发状, 有波曲, 其中一最长者达17–19
mm, 其余的长达6–15 mm; 小穗轴节间无毛, 呈棒状, 长1–2 mm, 体稍扁, 先端膨大作
宽浅杯状; 颖2, 膜质, 长4–6 mm, 第一颖具3–5脉, 第二颖具4–5脉; 外稃呈披针形, 长
7–11 mm, 宽3–4 mm, 7–9脉, 无毛, 先端渐尖; 内稃长8–9 mm, 宽3–4 mm, 背部具2脊,
先端浅二裂; 鳞被3, 卵形, 有毛, 紧贴子房基部; 雄蕊3, 长4–5 mm; 子房长椭圆形, 无
毛, 长约4 mm, 具短柄; 花柱短, 柱头3, 呈毛刷状; 颖果为细狭的长圆形, 长1.0–1.2 cm,
直径2.5–2.7 mm, 棕褐色, 果皮较厚, 种皮无毛, 具7–11脊, 腹沟明显, 基部尖, 顶端残
存有花柱基部形成的喙, 胚乳丰富、乳白色。花期3–4月。笋期8月。
本种与坝竹D. microphyllum (Hsueh & Yi) Keng f. ex Yi相似, 区别在于本种植株藤本
状极明显, 竿匍匐状, 较细, 竿直径3–6 mm, 竿壁厚约1 mm; 全竿25–55节, 竿基部数节
节间长5–9 cm, 中部节间长13–18 cm, 节内长1–2 mm; 箨舌高约0.5 mm, 具长约2 mm纤
毛; 叶舌高约3 mm, 具长约4 mm纤毛; 叶片较小, 在成竹时长2–6 cm, 宽0.3–0.6 cm, 叶
片次脉3–4对。易于区别。
该竹枝条细长柔软, 叶片纤细, 姿态优美, 为园林观赏之珍品。
致谢 本文由厦门市市政园林局科研项目(YK-00-02)资助; 承黄克福教授、马乃训研究
员、张永田研究员、陈榕生高工审阅全文并提出参考意见, 孙英宝先生协助绘图, 在查阅
相关资料和标本过程中, 承蒙中国科学院广西植物研究所、福建省亚热带植物研究所、
厦门大学、福建农林大学林学院等单位同仁的大力协助, 在此一并致谢！
参 考 文 献
Chen S-H (陈松河), Wang Z-Z (王振忠). 2004. A description on the reproductive organs of Drepanostachyum
microphyllum (Hsueh et Yi) Keng f. ex Yi. Journal of Bamboo Research (竹子研究汇刊) 23 (4): 10–11.