Abstract:Innate immune response is the first line of host to defend against virus infection， and it is also the basis for the activation of adaptive immunity. Both innate immunity and adaptive immunity play important roles in the host immune response to clear viruses， thus it becomes a focus of immunology research. During innate immunity， the virus infects host cells mainly through pattern recognition receptor， and subsequently the host produces interferons and a series of cytokines to resist virus invasion or clear viruses. While in adaptive immune response， host cells specifically recognize the invasion viruses by T lymphocyte and B lymphocyte， and then the viruses are cleared. At the same time， in order to survive， the viruses have evolved multiple antiviral abilities to escape the host immune responses. This article mainly aims to illustrate a series of mechanisms by which the viruses escape from host immune response.