Abstract:The plant of Eomecon chionantha Hance is a perennial herbaceous species in the family Papaveraceae, subfamily Chelidoniodeae, and genus Eomecon, indigenous to China and widely grows in shady and humid habitats. Because E. chionantha contains abundant alkaloids content in all parts, and alkaloids often have pharmacological effects in terms of antibacterial, antimicrobial and snail control, Eomecon chionantha Hance has a great potential to be used in medicine as an eco-green wild species. This review discusses the current knowledge of its anatomical characteristics, chemical components and pharmacological effects. Information generated by this review can be used in future programme in the conservation and utilization of Eomecon chionantha Hance resources.