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作 者 ：刘继亮,李锋瑞*,刘七军,牛瑞雪

期 刊 ：生态学报 2010年 30卷 23期 页码：6389~6398

关键词：干旱荒漠灌丛草地；灌丛斑块；微生境；地面甲虫；群落排序分析；

Keywords:arid desert shrublands, shrub patches, microhabitat, ground beetle community, ordination analysis,

摘 要 ：关于西北干旱区荒漠灌丛草地地面甲虫群落分布与微生境关系的系统研究尚鲜有报道。采用多元回归分析和RDA群落排序分析等方法，定量研究了甲虫群落分布与微生境因子的关系及其季节变异特征。多元回归分析表明，甲虫群落数量分布与土壤粗砂、中细砂和粘粉粒含量存在显著关系，3个因子解释了21%的甲虫群落变异。多元回归分析还表明，甲虫群落数量分布与春季地面/地下日平均温度和土壤含水量有显著关系（3个因子解释了32%的甲虫群落变异），而与夏季和秋季地面/地下日平均温度和土壤含水量无显著关系。RDA群落排序分析表明，土壤粗砂含量、中细砂含量、地面温度和地下温度对春季甲虫种群分布有显著的影响，解释了34.3%的甲虫种群变异；土壤粗砂和中细砂含量对夏季甲虫种群分布有显著影响，解释了188%的甲虫种群变异；土壤粗砂含量、地下日均温和土壤含水量对秋季甲虫种群分布有一定的影响，解释了17.1%的甲虫种群变异。Pearson相关分析表明不同甲虫种群对微生境因子的响应模式不同。主要结论是：微生境的非生物环境因子是决定荒漠甲虫群落空间分布格局的重要因子之一，但是环境因子的影响作用存在明显的季节变异，并且因种类不同而异。

Abstract:Ground beetles are one of the important components of dry desert ecosystems and play a key role in maintaining desert ecosystem structure and functioning. As yet, fewer studies have investigated the effects of abiotic factors on ground beetle community distribution in inland arid desert ecosystems, northwest China. Using the data set obtained on ground beetle communities and abiotic factors (soil texture, surface temperature, subsurface temperature and soil moisture) of three microhabitats (Reaumuria soongorica shrubs, Nitraria sphaerocarpa shrubs and inter-shrub bare ground) in three sampling periods (spring, summer and autumn) in a typical desert shrubland of the middle Heihe River basin, multiple regression analysis, RDA method were used to examine the relationships between beetle community distribution and microhabitat′s abiotic factors. Multiple regression analyses show that the beetle distribution was significantly affected by coarse sand, medium & fine sand, and silt & clay contents of the soil, which accounted for 21% of the variation in beetle abundance. RDA analyses show that the beetle distribution was significantly affected by coarse sand and medium & fine sand contents of the soil, surface and subsurface (10 cm depth) temperatures in spring, which accounted for 34.3% of the variation in beetle abundance. However, coarse sand and medium & fine sand contents of the soil were the most important factors shaping the spatial distribution of beetle community in summer whereas soil coarse sand content and soil moisture content were the main factors influencing the spatial distribution of beetle community in autumn, which accounted for 188% and 17.1% of the variation in beetle abundances, respectively. Furthermore, Pearson correlation analyses show that different beetle populations responded differentially to variations in abiotic factors of the microhabitats investigated. We conclude that abiotic factors of the microhabitats play key roles in determining the distribution patterns of desert beetle communities but their effects on beetle distribution are found to be season specific and species specific.

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