---

作 者 ：戚培同,古松,唐艳鸿,杜明远,吴力博,赵亮

期 刊 ：生态学报 2008年 28卷 1期 页码：202~211

关键词：蒸散；波文比；涡度相关技术；小型蒸渗仪；高寒草甸；

Keywords:evapotranspiration, bowen-ratio, eddy covariance technique, mini-lysimeter, alpine meadow,

摘 要 ：利用涡度相关技术（Eddy covariance technique）、小型蒸渗仪（Mini-lysimeter）和波文比-能量平衡法（BREB) 对2005年和2006年夏季（7～8月份）青藏高原海北高寒草甸生态系统的昼间蒸散（E）变化进行了对比观测研究。在观测期间，存在能量不闭合现象，涡度相关系统测定的湍流通量相当于有效能量的73%。3种不同方法测定的蒸散量之间具有较好的相关性，涡度相关系统与小型蒸渗仪测定的蒸散量相关系数达0.96，与波文比法的结果相关系数为0.95。然而，波文比法计算的蒸散量最大，比涡度相关系统的观测值高43％；小型蒸渗仪法的测定值次之，比涡度相关法的观测值高19％；涡度相关法测算的蒸散值最小。研究结果表明，利用涡度相关技术测定该高寒草甸生态系统的潜热通量，可能会过小评价该生态系统的蒸散量。

Abstract:The daytime evapotranspiration (E) was measured using the eddy covariance (EC) technique, the mini-lysimeter method, and the Bowen ratio-energy balance (BREB) method, in an alpine meadow ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau during the growing season of 2005 and 2006 (Jul.-Aug.). The energy imbalance with a slope of 0.73 was found in this study. Results showed a significant correlation between the E measured with the three methods, with the correlation coefficient of 0.96 between the EC technique and the mini-lysimeter method, and 0.95 between the EC technique and the BREB method. However, the value of E measured by the BREB was the largest, which was 43% higher than that by the EC; whilst the E measured with the mini-lysimeter had the medium value, which was 19% higher than that by the EC. The results suggest that the E may be underestimated using the EC in this alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

---