---

作 者 ：贾宝全,慈龙骏

期 刊 ：生态学报 2000年 20卷 2期 页码：243~250

关键词：生态用水；概念；分类；用水定额；总量估算；新疆；

Keywords:water demand by the eco environment, primary calculation, arid land, Xinjiang,

摘 要 ：以新疆为例 ,在干旱区生态用水的概念与分类基础上 ,依据部分试验资料及理论公式推导结果 ,确定了各类生态用水的用水定额 ,并以林业、草场资源等统计数据为依据 ,对新疆 1 995年的生态用水进行了初步估算。结果表明 ,全疆生态用水总量达 2 3 7.9× 1 0 8m3。其地区分布情况是北疆占 1 7.8%,东疆占 5.4 %,南疆占 76.8%。就其类型而言 ,天然植被生态用水量最大 ,其中又以低地草甸为最大。

Abstract:Oasis is the major area of human activity in the arid land.Its only occupied 4%～5% of arid territory,but the population over 90% and social healthy over 95% are concentrated in it.In the process of oasis formation and evolution,water resource is the essence.Since 1949,the oasis exploitation have gained many achievements in China,but its environment problems originated rapidly from that and more attention has been paid to the economic benefit of oasis water resource rather than the eco environmental benefit...

---