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作 者 ：张智英,曹敏,杨效东,赵志模

期 刊 ：生态学报 2001年 21卷 11期 页码：1847~1853

关键词：舞草；种子；蚂蚁；搬运；

Keywords:Codariocalyx motorius, seed dispersal, ants,

摘 要 ：舞草 (Codariocalyx motorius)由于其小叶具有自身“摆动”的功能 ,从而具有较高的观赏价值。在长期的演化过程中 ,舞草与蚂蚁形成了互惠共生的关系 :舞草种子生成了附生其上的能吸引蚂蚁的油质体 ,蚂蚁在搬运取食中 ,使舞草种子得以传播。舞草种子最重要的传播者是圆叶铺道蚁 (Tetramorium cyclolobium Xu et Zheng)和布立毛蚁 (Paratrechinabourbonica Forel)。另外长足光结蚁 (Anoplolepisgracilipes Smith)和两种大头蚁 (Pheidole sp.1和 sp.2 )也搬运其种子。野外试验表明 ,圆叶铺道蚁日搬运活动与气温呈显著正相关 ,即 Y(搬运种子数 ) =-9.5 0 3 8+0 %5 60 8X(气温 ) (r=0 .71 96* * ,n=3 3 ,P<0 .0 1 ) ,中午搬运效率达到高峰。布立毛蚁日搬运活动在上、下午各有一个高峰 ,上午的高峰出现时间不稳定 ,下午的高峰出现在 1 6:0 0～ 1 8:0 0。舞草种子上附生的油质体是吸引蚂蚁并产生搬运行为的主要物质。化学分析表明 ,油质体富含蚂蚁生长发育所必需的10种氨基酸和多种无机元素。样地采用陷阱诱捕蚂蚁的调查显示，5种搬运者中，圆叶铺道蚁数量最大，分别占蚂蚁总量的8.26%和搬运蚂蚁总量的48%。这说明圆叶铺道蚁在舞草种子的搬运中起着主要作用。

Abstract:Many relationships between plants and insects have formed during a long evolution, and mutualism is one of these relationships and therefore is a trend of coordinating evolution between them. Many reports on seed dispersal by ants have been given out outside of China. At present, it is still attracting many researchers, and the focus is about removal rate of seed, that is RRS, as well as affecting factors. In China, reports on the topic are very few, and the study on mutualism between ants and Codariocaly...

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