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The influences of environmental factors on the gaseous mass-loss and carbon-loss from organic matter of a Norway spruce forest soil

环境因子对挪威云杉林土壤有机质分解过程中重量和碳的气态损失影响及模型



全 文 :6 f
第 19卷第 5期
1钟9年 9月
生 态 学 报
ACTA BCOLOGICA slNICA
Vo1.19.No.5
sept..1999
环境因子对挪威云杉林土壤有机质分解过程
中重量和碳的气态损失影响及模型
王彦辉 ,Pe ter R’
a de
f)
m

acher:,Horst F61ster: /、 /./P。.之 王彦辉


, 。 j ,‘ 0’
(1.中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 ,北京 100091‘2 The Institute Sml 月 Forest Nut#-
tion,37077 GeCt/ngen·Germany)
■要 用严重酸他的挪威云杉林 的枯落物和矿质土壤 .研究了温度和古水量对有机质分解过程中重量和碳的气态损失的
影响。在为期 h 的室内试验期间,没有元索的输入、淋失和植物根系吸收 。实验分 3十温度 处理(年均 温度分别为 11 6、
12.3和 14.5℃)和 4十水分处理(从几乎风干到各种放分解物的饱和古水量)。在有荆条件下,枯落物未分解层 0L的重
量损失速率是半分解层0 的 2倍和已分解层 O 的 5~6倍。矿质土壤的重量损失速率小于枯落物层 。分解速率在报大
程度上受控于环境条件 ,其中古水量起着决定性作用 .极端干旱会使分解建率非常低.水分过多时也会限制土壤微生物
活动 ·最适宜的音水量为各种放分解物饱和古水量的 70%~9o 在应用的温度范围内,温 度差别只起着次要作用 被分
解物 在土壤剖面中所处的位置越深,音水量越低 t温度的影响越小.建立了符合土壤有机质分解机制的重量损失和碳损
失的数学模型 。
关t调,有机质分解·重量损失 碳损失 气候变化
The influences of environmental factors OⅡ the gaseous mass—loss
and carbon—loss from organic matter of a Norway spruce forest soil
W ANG Yan—Hui ,Peter Rademacher ,Horst F61ster。 (1.ReseaMh In5tit Forest Ecol。g:y,E vi—
rena n2 and Protection,ChineseAcademy ofForestrytBelting 10091tChina 2.TheI k 0f Sml sd㈣ 5 and Forest
N 如月·37077 G~tingen·Germany)
Ahnran :The influences of temperature and water content o13.the gaseous rnass—loss and carbon—loss from
organic matters of a strongly acidified Norway spruce forest soi1 were investigated for one year in the labe-
ratory under the conditions without element input,leaching and uptake by plants.There were 3 tempera—
ture—treatments and 4 tments.Under the favourable conditions the mass—loss rate of OL—mate—
rial was doubled as high as that of Or—material and 5~ 6 times as high as that of OH—materia1.The mass
lOSS rate of mineral soils was smaller than those of the litter materials.The rate of mineralization was es—
sentialy controled by the environmental factors.Among them the water content played a decisive role.UⅡ_
der the extreme dry conditions the mineralization rate was very smal1.The microbial activities were re-
stricted under very wet conditions.The most favourable water contents amounted to 70 ~ 90 of the
saturation capacity of each materia1.W ithin the applied temperature range,the temperature difference
played only a subordinate role.the deeper the 1itter materials lay in the profile and the drier it was.the
smaler the temperature effect was.Mathematieal models based on the mineralization mechanism were built
for the mass—loss and carbon—loss.
Key words mineralization of organic matter~mass—loss;carbon—loss~climate change
文章编号:1000-0933(1999)05—0841一O6 中圈分娄号 $718.51 文献标讯码:A
气候变化是一个全球性的环境问题 。除水蒸汽外 ,COz是最重要的温室气体 全球约有 1.5×10”kg碳
收稿 日期:1997—07—18I修订 日期 :1997—11—29
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