摘 要 ：采用酶解去壁低渗法对中药溪黄草(Isodon serra (Maxim.) Hara) 4种基源植物的体细胞染色体进行研究。结果表明, 线纹香茶菜(I. lophanthoides (Buch.-Harn. ex D. Don) Hara)体细胞染色体数为2n＝3x＝36,推测其为三倍体植株;其余3种基源植物,溪黄草(I. serra (Maxim.) Kudo)、狭基线纹香茶菜(I. lophanthoides var. gerardiana (Benth.) H. Hara) 和细花线纹香茶菜(I. lophanthoides var. graciliflora (Benth.) H. Hara),均为2n＝2x＝24,为二倍体。该4种基源植物染色体数均为首次报道,其中,线纹香茶菜三倍体居群的首次发现为中药溪黄草基源种的鉴定、遗传育种提供依据。
Abstract:The methods of eliminating walls by enzymolysis and low osmosis were used to analyze the somatic cell chromosome number of four original species of Chinese medicine ‘Xihuangcao’. The results showed that the chromosome number of Isodon lophanthoides (Buch.-Harn. ex D. Don) Hara is 2n=3x=36, possibly this is a triploid. However, the others, such as I. serra (Maxim.) Kudo, I. lophanthoides var. gerardiana (Benth.) H. Hara, and I. lophanthoides var. graciliflora (Benth.) H. Hara, belongs to diploid, which chromosome numbers are 2n=2x=24. The chromosome numbers of 4 species were reported here for the first time. Especially, the triploid population was first found, it would be as references for identification, genetic and breeding in original species of Chinese medicine ‘Xihuangcao’.