全 文 ：Chamaecrista Moench was seperated from Cassia
L. and treated as distinct genus in subtribe Caessiinae
or tribe Caessieae of Caesalpinioideae in the family
Fabaceae together with Cassia and Senna Mill.[1–6]
The genus comprises more or less 330 species and is
distributed in the tropical regions of the World with
mostly diversity in the New World. Three species
including one introduced species have been recorded
in China previously[7]. Chamaecrista differs from other
Cassiinae by having two bracteoles, unequal petals
and fruits elastically dehiscent by twisted valves[1–3].
During the course of investigating the medicinal
plant resources in Hainan Province, a unique plant of
Fabaceae, which has never been reported from China
before[7–9], is found. Further studies reveal that it represents
a species new to China, Chamaecrista absus (L.) H. S.
Irwin & Barneby.
Chamaecrista absus (L.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby,
Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 35: 664. 1982. ——
Cassia absus L., Sp. Pl. 1: 376. 1753. —— Grimaldia
absus (L.) Britton & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23(5): 299.
中国豆科一新记录种——四叶山扁豆
王清隆1, 邱燕连1,2, 邓云飞3, 王祝年1*, 晏小霞1
(1. 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所， 海南 儋州 571737； 2. 海南大学农学院， 海口 570228； 3. 中国科学院华南植物园， 中国科
学院植物资源保护与可持续利用重点实验室， 广州 510650)
摘要： 首次报道了豆科(Fabaceae)山扁豆属四叶山扁豆[Chamaecrista absus (L.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby]在中国的新分布，并提供
该种的特征描述。
关键词： 豆科； 山扁豆属； 四叶山扁豆； 外来种； 中国
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005–3395.2014.04.003
Chamaecrista absus (Fabaceae), A Newly Recorded Species from Hainan,
China
WANG Qing-long1, QIU Yan-lian1,2, DENG Yun-fei3, WANG Zhu-nian1*, YAN Xiao-xia1
(1. Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China; 2. College of
Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China
Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China)
Abstract: Chamaecrista absus (L.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby of Fabaceae is reported for the first time from China.
The voucher specimens are deposited in Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical
Agricultural Sciences, Hainan (ATCH).
Key words: Fabaceae; Chamaecrista; Chamaecrista absus; Alien species; China
热带亚热带植物学报　2014， 22(4)： 341 ~ 343
Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany
Received: 2013–12–16　　　　Accepted: 2014–03–04
This work was supported by the Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry Research Special Project (201207002), and Tropical Crops Germplasm
Resources Protection Project (14RZZY-16).
WANG Qing-long (born in 1983), male, Master, Research interests: Development and use of plant resources. E-mail: qlwang1983@163.com
* Corresponding author. E-mail: 13807596560@163.com
342 第22卷热带亚热带植物学报
1930. —— Senna absus (L.) Roxb., Fl. Ind., ed. 2:
340. 1832. —— Lectotype (designated by de Wit
in Webbia 11: 280. 1956): Herb. Linn. No. 528.4
(LINN).　　四叶山扁豆(新拟)　　Fig.1
Annual herb or undershrub, 10 –60 cm tall, all
parts covered with viscid hairs. Stems erect, much
branched. Leaves abruptly pinnate, 2 –10 cm long,
with a gland on the top of petiole and on rachis between
lowest pair of leaflets, glands ca. 5 mm long, ligulate,
acute; stipules linear, ca. 4 mm long, persistent;
petiole 1.9 –4 cm long; rachis 5 –13 mm long;
petiolules ca. 1 mm long; leaflets broadly elliptic to
obovate, 2 –3 cm × 1 –2 cm, apex rounded to blunt,
margin entire, base oblique, rounded or cuneate,
pubescent on both surfaces, lateral veins 3 –6 pairs.
Racemes terminal or opposite to the leaves, 4–12 cm
long. Peduncle very short. Bracts ovate-auriculate, ca.
2 mm long. Bracteole 2, on the middle of the pedicel,
ca. 1 mm long. Pedicel 3 –4 mm long, rough hairy.
Sepals 5, lanceolate-ovate, 3 –4 mm long, viscous
outside, imbricate. Petals 5, yellow to orange-red, broadly
obovate, 5 –7 mm long, glabrous, tapering toward
base and forming a claw for 1–3 mm long. Stamens 5;
filaments ca. 2 mm long; anthers slightly shorter than
the filaments, opening by apicall slits; staminodes
absent. Disc straight, with bristles for 1–2 mm long.
Fig. 1 Chamaecrista absus (L.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby. A: Plant; B: Habitat; C: Seed. (Photographed by WANG Qing-long)
第4期 343
Ovary densely strigose; style ca. 2 mm long, glabrous;
stigma spathulate, incurved, ciliate. Pods flat, strap-
shaped, ca. 4 cm long, ca. 8 mm broad, coarsely hairy,
thin-valved, short beaked; stipe ca. 5 mm long. Seeds
4–8, ovate, 3–4 mm in diam., black, shiny.
Distribution and habitat. Chamaecrista absus
is distributed in tropical regions of the World[10–12]. It
is newly recorded from Hainan, China. It grows on
the open place, woodland, grassland or roadside.
Specimens examined. China. Hainan: Lingshui
Xian, Xincun Zhen, Jiusuo Shan, on grassland, alt. ca.
50 m, 2013–02–21, Q. L. Wang 0476 (ATCH).
Uses. It was reported in some regions of Africa
and Asia that the leaves and seeds were used as medicine
to eczema, ringworm, eyes diseases, wounds, sores,
aphrodisiac, abscesses, ulcers and venereal inflam-
mations[15–17].
The species is easily distinguished from other
Chinese Chamaecrista by its 2-paired leaflets. The
key to Chinese known species is provided below.
Key to the Chinese species of Chamaecrista
1a. Leaflets 2 pairs …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1. C. absus
1b. Leaflets more than 10–50-pairs.
　2a. Petiolar gland distinctly stipitate ……………………………………………………………………………………… 2. C. pumila
　2b. Petiolar gland sessile, discoid, raised or slightly flat.
　　3a. Rachis of leaves not canaliculate; leaflets 20–50 pairs, 3–4 mm long ………………………………………… 3. C. mimosoides
　　3b. Rachis of leaves canaliculate; leaflets 10–25 pairs, 8–13 mm long ……………………………………… 4. C. leschenaultiana
References
[1]　 Lewis G, Schrire B, Mackinder B, et al. Legumes of the World
[M]. Kew: Kew Publishing, 2005: 1–577.
[2]　 Irwin H S, Barneby R C. Tribe Cassieae Bronn. [C]// Advances
in Legume Systematics, Volume 1. Kew: Kew Publishing, 1981:
97–106.
[3]　 Irwin H S, Barneby R C. The American Cassiinae [J]. Mem New
York Bot Gard, 1982, 35: 1–918.
[4]　 De Souza Conceição A, de Queiroz L P, Lewis G P, et al. Phylogeny
of Chamaecrista Moench (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae) based
on nuclear and chloroplast DNA regions [J]. Taxon, 2009, 58(4):
1168–1180.
[5]　 De-Paula O C, Oliveira D M T. Seed ontogeny of Chamaecrista
and its systematic implications in Cassiinae (Leguminosae,
Caesalpinioideae) [J]. Plant Syst Evol, 2012, 298(9): 1659–1669.
[6]　 Mabberley D J. Mabberley’s Plant-book: A Portable Dictionary
of Plants, Their Classification and Uses [M]. 3rd ed. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 2008: 1–1021.
[7]　 Chen D Z, Zhang D X, Larsen K. Fabaceae, tribe Cassieae [M]//
Flora of China, Volume 11. Beijing: Science Press & St. Louis:
Missouri Botanical Garden Press, 2010: 33–34.
[8]　 Wu T L. A Checklist of Flowering Plants of Islands and Reefs of
Hainan and Guangdong Province [M]. Beijing: Science Press,
1994: 93–96.
[9]　 Xing F W, Zhou J S, Wang F G, et al. Inventory of Plant Species
Diversity of Hainan [M]. Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science
& Technology Press, 2012: 187–190.
[10]　 Irwin H S, Barneby R C. Monographic studies in Cassia
(Leguminosae Caesalpinioideae): III. Sections Abus and Grimaldia
[J]. Mem New York Bot Gard, 1978, 30: 1–300.
[11]　 Larsen K, Larsen S S, Vidal J E. Flore du Cambodge, du Laos
et du Viêt-Nam: 18. Légumineuses, Césalpinioïdées [M]. Paris:
Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 1980: 1–221.
[12]　 Larsen K, Larsen S S, Vidal J E. Flora of Thailand, Volume
4, Part 1. Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae [M]. Bangkok: The
Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department, 1984: 1–129.
[13]　 de Wit H C D. A revision of the genus Cassia (Caesalp.) as
occurring in Malaysia [J]. Webbia, 1955, 11(1): 197–292.
[14]　 Baker J G. Cassia [M]// Flora of British India, Volume 2. London:
L. Reeve & Co., 1878: 261–268.
[15]　 Chhabra S C, Mahunnah R L A, Mshiu E N. Plants used in
traditional medicine in eastern Tanzania: I. Pteridophytes and
Angiosperms (Acanthaceae to Canellaceae) [J]. J Ethnopharm,
1987, 21(3): 253–277.
[16]　 Kokwaro J O. Medicinal Plants of East Africa [M]. Nairobi: East
African Literature Bureau, Kampala, 1976: 1–368.
[17]　 Nwude N, Ibrahim M A. Plants used in traditional veterinary
medical practice in Nigeria [J]. J Veter Pharmac Therap, 1980, 3:
261–273.
王清隆等：中国豆科一新记录种——四叶山扁豆