摘 要 ：用固相微萃取法萃取白兰(Michelia alba Dc.)花被片不同发育阶段的香精油，并用GC-MS 对其化学成分进行鉴定，峰面积归一化法测定各成分的相对含量。结果表明，白兰花被片5个发育时期的香精油的化学成分不同，分别鉴定出30、29、28、30和27种化学成分。含量较多的是萜类化合物、烷烃类物质、酯类化合物、酸类化合物和醇类化合物。有16种化学成分在3个以上时期能检测到，其中14种萜类化合物，1种胺类化合物和1种芳香化合物。有7种成分是第Ⅳ期独有的。由此推测，白兰花发育的第Ⅳ时期是窨制花茶或提取香精油的最佳时期，但在不能及时窨制花茶或提取香精油或远距离运输的情况下，选择第Ⅲ时期采摘更为合适。
Abstract:Essential oils were extracted from Michelia alba Dc. at perianth development stages by SPME and its chemical constituents were identified by GC-MS, their relative contents were determined by peak area normalization method. The results showed that chemical constituents at 5 perianth development stages were different，and 30, 29, 28, 30 and 27 constituents were identified, respectively. The main components were terpenoid, alkanes, ester, acid and alcohol compounds. Sixteen compounds were identified at more than 3 stages, in which 14 terpenoid compunds, 1 aromatic compound and 1 amine compound. There were 7 compositions only presented at IV stage, so it was considered to be the best stage to scent tea and extract essential oil. But if it couldn’t scent tea and extract essential oils in time or the transport distance was very far, the best harvesting stage is Ⅲ stage.