Abstract:Barbloin substances which mainly existed in the roots are the important medicinal ingredients in Achyranthes bidentata BL.. The study of the relationships between anatomical structures and barbloin substances in A.bidentata root is of great meaning. Anatomical structures and barbloin accumulations are studied by the methods of quantitative analysis, anatomy and histochemical localization. The results indicated that the main accumulation sites of barbloin are primary phloem, secondary phloem, phelloderm and tertiary phloem. The changing pattern of accumulated barbloin appears low-higher-low with the growing of A.bidentata. The accumulated barbloin reached the maximum when the root is 3-4 years old.