Abstract:According to List of Wild Plants under State Protection (First Batch) and List of Wild Plants under Provincial Protection in Shanxi (First Batch), the list of key protection wild plants in Shanxi was established. It was recorded that there were 57 protected plants, which belong to 38 families and 45 genera (including 2 species under state protection category Ⅰ, 6 species under state protection category Ⅱ and 49 species under provincial protection). By analysis, the key protection wild plants are not concentrated in Shanxi and scatter in the 61 counties (cumulative statistics). Moreover, it was found that the distribution ranges of the majority of species are small and narrow. The floristic characteristics of the key protected wild plants in Shanxi are complex and diverse, old origin, more relict plants and monotypic genera. Temperate floristic elements are significantly dominant in genera, with obviously tropical nature, it also has the characteristics of transition, and its unique geographical advantage and Conservation value. The aim of the research is to analyze preliminarily resources situation and floristic characteristics of the key protection wild plants in Shanxi, in order to provide scientific and theoretical support for reasonable conservation and effective use of the key protection wild plants in Shanxi.