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期 刊 ：植物保护学报 2012年

关键词：紫花苜蓿；菌核病菌；射丝孢；无孢菌丝体；

Keywords:alfalfa, Sclerotinia trifoliorum, Asteroma sp., sterile mycelium,

摘 要 ：为了从紫花苜蓿伴生菌中筛选生物防治菌种,采用对峙法和滤液培养法对紫花苜蓿伴生菌与菌核病菌的拮抗关系进行了研究,并采用茎秆接种法探讨了紫花苜蓿伴生菌对菌核病菌的控制作用。从紫花苜蓿植株中分离获得的22种真菌中,射丝孢、无孢菌丝体和丝葚霉对菌核病菌具有明显的拮抗作用;接种第5天,在含射丝孢、无孢菌丝体和丝葚霉3种真菌菌液的培养基上,三叶草核盘菌的菌落直径分别为 4.8、26.8和 28.9 mm,与对照相比,分别降低了75.2、53.2 和 51.1 mm。虽然射丝孢和无孢菌丝体都不能阻止菌核病菌侵入寄主组织,但对菌核病菌入侵后病斑的扩展表现出不同程度的抑制作用,其效果因品种而异,2种菌种对品种FGC901和Algonguin病斑扩展均表现出较好的抑制作用。

Abstract:To screening bio-controlling fungi, which showed antagonism to sclerotinia from plant parasitized fungi of alfalfa, the antagonism among alfalfa associated fungi and sclerotinia were selected by confrontation test and filtrate test, and the controlling effect of alfalfa associated fungi on sclerotinia were measured by stem inoculation on pot plants. The results showed that Asteroma sp., sterile mycelium and Papulospora sp. among 22 fungi which isolated from alfalfa plants, showed remarkable suppression to sclerotinia. On the 5th day after inoculation, the colony diameter of sclerotinia, which were incubated on the medium containing the filtrate of these 3 fungi, were 4.8, 26.8 and 28.9 mm respectively, and they were depressed 75.2, 53.2 and 51.1 mm contrasted with that of control. Two fungi, Asteroma sp. and sterile mycelium, can’t control the invading abilities of sclerotinia to host plant, but the spreading speed of necrotic spot were suppressed after treating with these 2 fungi, and the inhibitory effect was different for different alfalfa varieties, both Asteroma sp. and sterile mycelium showed significant suppression to sclerotinia in variety FGC901 and Algonguin.

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