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期 刊 ：植物保护学报 2012年

关键词：玉米；分子标记辅助选择；丝黑穗病；抗性；

Keywords:maize, MAS, head smut, resistance,

摘 要 ：为了探索分子标记辅助选择(MAS)技术在抗玉米丝黑穗病育种中的应用效果,以吉1037为抗源,吉单209的感病母本8902为轮回亲本,回交5代后,自交2代,从BC₄F₁开始利用MAS技术把感玉米丝黑穗病的亲本8902改良成抗病自交系,并与吉853配制杂交种,对其进行抗病性、产量和农艺性状评价。改良后的8902及其组合,对玉米丝黑穗病的抗性和产量显著提高,且其它农艺性状没有发生改变。抗性以上自交系超过获得材料的80%以上,抗性以上杂交组合超过配制组合的77%以上;改良后亲本组配的杂交种产量较对照明显增加,11个杂交组合增产10%以上,最大增幅可达26.7%。研究表明MAS技术显著提高了自交系及其杂交种对玉米丝黑穗病的抗病效果。

Abstract:In order to study the effects of marker-assisted selection (MAS) in the breeding on the maize head smut resistance. Ji1037 was used as the resistance source, while the susceptible inbred line 8092, one of parents of hybrid Jidan209, was used as recurrent parent backcrossing for five generations. After that self-pollination was done for two generations. The susceptible parent 8902 was converted to resistant inbred lines by MAS and phenotypic selection after BC₄F₁ made crosses with Ji853, and evaluated for its resistance to the head smut, yield and agronomic traits. The results showed that the convert 8902 and hybrid combinations of disease resistance and yield to head smut increased significantly, and no significant changes were found in other agronomical traits, while resistant lines were converted above 80%, and more than 77% of converted hybrid combinations showed disease resistant, and the yield of convert combinations were increased significantly, 11 hybrid combinations increased yield more than 10% to 26.7%. Taken together, the marker-assisted breeding was an efficient way for improving head smut resistance of maize inbred lines and hybrid.

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