期 刊 ：植物保护学报 2007年
Keywords:rice, Rice stripe virus, epidemics, factors resulting outbreak,
摘 要 ：为控制浙江北部稻区条纹叶枯病的发病流行,系统调查了病害和灰飞虱动态,并测定了灰飞虱带(传)毒率和水稻品种抗病性。结果表明,该病在浙江省北部杭嘉湖平原粳稻区呈上升扩大趋势,传毒媒介灰飞虱Laodelphax striatellus Fllen年发生5~6代,以越冬代和第一代灰飞虱成虫迁移扩散,引起水稻秧田期和本田前期传毒发病;秧苗2叶1心至4叶1心期为最易感病期,也是治虫防病关键时期;嘉兴、湖州和绍兴市等10个县(市、区)灰飞虱越冬代和第一代的带(传)毒率逐年上升,2005年为2.9%,2006年为4.42%,同比增长34.4%,但地区间差异较大;粳稻品种(品系)秀优5号、嘉优1号等发病较重,浙大532、春江050等发病较轻,HZ586表现较强抗性。综合分析认为耕作栽培制度改变、感病品种种植、冬季气温偏高和主治药剂防效下降,是该病逐年加重的主要原因。
Abstract:To understand the epidemics of the Rice stripe virus (RSV), a destructive disease transmitted by the rice small brown planthopper (SBPH) Laodelphax striatellus Fllen, in the japonica rice production region in Hang-Jia-Hu Plain of northern Zhejiang Province, China, seasonal sampling on the incidence of the disease and population dynamics of the vector in the fields, susceptibility assessment of seedlings at different ages, rice varietal resistance evaluation, detection of viruliferous rate of the vector by biochemical and bioassay were used. Field sampling indicated that the incidence of the disease had been increasing significantly in recent years. The vector planthopper occurs 5-6 generations in a year. The adults of the locally overwintered and the first generations of the planthopper were the main vectors of the virus which caused the disease during the seedling stage in nursery and earlier stages in the field. Rice seedlings at the stages of 2-leaf to 4-leaf were the most vulnerable stages, and therefore were the crucial period for the control of the disease. The grand mean viruliferous rate (transmission rate) of the overwintered vector in 2006 was 4.42%, increased by 34.4% from 2.9% in 2005 in three districts (Jiaxing, Huzhou and Shaoxing) of the province, with a large variation among districts. Rice japonica varieties (breeding lines) Xiuyou 5, Jiayou 1, etc. were highly susceptible, while Zheda 532, Chunjiang 050, etc. were less susceptible, and HZ586 was more resistant to the disease. Integrated analysis showed that cropping system change, cultivation of susceptible varieties, warming winter -spring climate which was favorite to the overwintering planthoppers, and the decreased efficacy of the main insecticides for controlling the vector were the major factors causing the epidemics of the disease. The essential data on geographical distribution of the disease transmission rate of the vector, rice variety resistance to the disease were accumulated. Based on analysis of the main causes of disease outbreaks, the key measurements on avoidance of these factors with integration of other information were proposed to prevent the disease epidemics.