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作 者 ：李莉 李东坡 武志杰 张丽莉 张玉兰 聂彦霞

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2011年 17卷 3期 页码：646-650

关键词：脲酶抑制剂；硝化抑制剂；尿素态氮；铵态氮；硝态氮；

Keywords:NBPT, DMPP, urea nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen,

摘 要 ：采用室内恒温培养方法，研究了脲酶抑制剂（NBPT）、硝化抑制剂（DMPP）及其协同对尿素氮在三江平原白浆土中转化作用效果。研究表明，在白浆土中NBPT有效作用时间小于13 d，作用时间较在棕壤和黑土中短；对土壤中铵态氮、硝态氮及表观硝化率影响与普通尿素基本一致。NBPT与DMPP组合缓释尿素施入4-7 d，能够有效抑制脲酶活性，减缓尿素水解；只添加DMPP与添加NBPT与DMPP协同作用对抑制铵态氮硝化作用效果相同，二者能保持土壤中NH4^+_-N高含量时间超过80 d。DMPP作用时间可达80 d以上，能有效抑制NH4+-N向NO3--N的转化；在第80 d，土壤中仍有54.58%～56.85%的氮以铵态氮形式存在，表观硝化率只有50%左右。DMPP抑制硝化作用效果十分显著，因此，在白浆土中施用添加NBPT缓释尿素、DMPP缓释尿素、NBPT与DMPP缓释尿素时，应首选添加1%DMPP的缓释尿素肥料。

Abstract:Using an incubation test under a constant temperature, the effects of an urease inhibitor (NBPT), a nitrification inhibitor (DMPP), and their combined application on urea nitrogen transformation in albic soil on the Sanjiang Plain was investigated. In albic soil, the effective reaction time of NBPT is less than 13 d, which was shorter than that of brown and blank soil, and the effects of NBPT on soil ammonium, nitrate nitrogen (NO₃^--N) and nitrification rate were consistent with the application of urea. During the 4?7 d after the application of slow-release urea with the combination of NBPT and DMPP to the soil, NBPT effectively inhibited the activity of urea-hydrolyzing enzymes, and thus delayed the hydrolysis of urea. The inhibitory effect of DMPP on ammonium nitrogen (NH4⁺-N) was identical to the effect of combined application of NBPT and DMPP, which maintained a high level of soil NH4+-N for more than 80 d. DMPP can effectively inhibit the transformation from NH4+-N to NO3--N At 80 d, 54.58–56.85% of the nitrogen remaining in the soil was in the form of NH4⁺-N, thus the nitrification rate was only about 50% and the inhibitory effect of DMPP on nitrification was significant in albic soil. Therefore, in albic soil, when using the slow-release urea with NBPT, DMPP, or a combination of NBPT and DMPP, we recommend that adding 1% DMPP to urea is the best option.

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