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作 者 ：谢志良, 田长彦

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2011年 17卷 1期 页码：160-165

关键词：膜下滴灌；棉花；干物质积累；氮素吸收；水氮利用效率；

Keywords:mulched drip irrigation, cotton, dry matter accumulation, nitrogen uptake, water-nitrogen use efficiency,

摘 要 ：在膜下滴灌条件下，设3个氮素水平和2个水分水平，研究了水氮耦合对棉花干物质积累、氮素吸收及产量、水氮利用效率的影响。结果表明，增加水分或氮素供应，花铃期根冠生物量和氮素吸收增加; 增加灌水量，吐絮期地上部干物质和氮素积累量增加，根干物质积累量在低氮或高氮下增加，中氮降低; 产量和氮素利用效率增加，水分利用效率下降。水分胁迫条件下，增加氮素的供应吐絮期地上部干物质、氮素积累量、产量差异不大，根干物质积累量以N₂₇₆处理最高，氮素利用率下降，水分利用率增加。水分充分条件下，增加氮素的供应吐絮期根干物质下降，地上部干物质、氮素积累、产量和水氮利用效率以N₂₇₆处理最高。水分不足或高氮限制了干物质在花铃期至吐絮期的积累、导致棉花提早衰退，引起产量下降。

Abstract:Field trials were conducted to study the coupling effects of water and nitrogen on nitrogen uptake and dry matter accumulation of cotton at different growth stages, lint yield and water-nitrogen use efficiency. Cottons were grown under three nitrogen application levels and two irrigation levels making six combination treatments. The results show that during the flowering and boll-setting stage, water and nitrogen supply can promote root and shoot growth of cotton. At the boll opening stage, nitrogen supply has no effects on above-ground biomass, while root dry weight is maximum at the 276 kg/ha nitrogen application level under water stress. Root dry weight is reduced with the nitrogen supply, and the above-ground dry weight and nutrient uptake are maximum at the 276 kg/ha nitrogen level under sufficient water supply. From the flowering and boll setting stage to the boll opening stage, too much nitrogen supply can inhibit root and shoot dry matter accumulation. The highest points of lint yield and water-nitrogen use efficiency are different. The lint yield and nitrogen use efficiency are increased, water use efficiency is decreased under the increase of irrigation amount. Under water stress, nitrogen supply has no effects on lint yield, but nitrogen use efficiency is decreased and water use efficiency is increased when the nitrogen level is increased. Under sufficient water supply, the lint yield is maximum at the 276 kg/ha nitrogen level. The water-nitrogen coupling N₂₇₆W₆₀₀ obtains maximum lint yield, and relatively high water-nitrogen use efficiency.

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