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作 者 ：张雪艳 曹云娥 田蕾 田永强 高丽红

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2014年 20卷 3期 页码：562-569

关键词：黄瓜；栽培方式；土壤微生物量碳；土壤微生物量氮；产量；

Keywords:cucumber, cultivation systems, soil microbial biomass C, soil microbial biomass N, yield,

摘 要 ：以连作8年温室连作黄瓜土壤为材料，试验设5个不同轮作方式处理，  1）早春茬黄瓜—夏茬休闲—秋冬茬黄瓜（CK）;  2）早春茬黄瓜—夏茬休闲—秋冬茬黄瓜间作大蒜（CS₁）;  3）早春茬黄瓜—夏茬茼蒿—秋冬茬黄瓜（CS₂）; 4）早春茬番茄—夏茬菠菜—秋冬茬黄瓜（CS₃）; 5）早春茬黄瓜—夏茬大蒜—秋冬茬黄瓜(CS₄)，进行了5年的盆栽试验，采用后3年的数据，评价不同栽培方式对土壤微生物量碳氮和主栽作物产量的连年影响，探讨栽培方式对连作黄瓜土壤的修复效果。研究结果表明，相对CK，CS₃在第三和四年早春茬显著增加微生物量碳、 氮以及碳/氮，CS₂和CS₃在三至五年夏茬显著增加微生物量碳和碳/氮， CS₂显著增加三至五年早春茬、 早春茬+秋冬茬产量，CS4显著增加第3和4年早春茬、 早春茬+秋冬茬产量和第三至五年秋冬茬产量; 微生物量碳和碳/氮与秋冬茬产量呈显著正相关，与早春茬+秋冬茬产量呈极显著正相关; 处理与季节均对微生物量碳和碳/氮产生极显著影响，且两者有极显著交互作用; 季节、 处理×季节对微生物量氮有显著影响，处理、 季节、 处理×季节对作物产量有极显著影响。总之，CS₂提高微生物量碳、 碳/氮、 作物产量效果最佳。

Abstract:In this study,  the soil used for the pot experiment was collected from 8\|year continuously planted cucumber field in greenhouse. Five  rotation ways were designed:   early spring cucumber-fallow in the summer-autumn cucumber (CK),  early spring cucumber-fallow in the summer-garlic intercropped within autumn cucumber (CS₁),  early spring cucumber- summer crown daisy-autumn cucumber (CS₂),  early spring tomato-summer spanich- autumn cucumber (CS₃) and early spring cucumber-summer garlic-autumn cucumber(CS₄). The pot experiment was carried out for 5 years and the soil samples in the latter three years were collected to analyze the contents of soil microbial biomass C (MBC), and  microbial biomass N (MBN),  and the crop yield was recorded at the same time. The results show that compared with CK,  the MBC,  MBN contents and the ratio of MBC/MBN with treatment CS₃ are significantly increased in the early spring of the third and fourth year,  and MBC and MBC/MBN of CS₂ and CS₃ significantly increased in the summer from the third year to the fifth year. With treatment CS₂,  the yields in the early spring and the early spring plus autumn were increased significantly from the third year to fifth year.  With treatment CS₄,  the yields increase was in the early spring and the early spring plus autumn and winter crops in the third and fourth years,  and in the autumn winter season crops from the third year to fifth year significantly. Obvious positive correlations exist between the MBC and MBC/MBN ratio and the yields of the autumn winter season crops,  and extremely significant with the yields of the early spring season crop and the autumn winter season crops. Rotation ways,  seasons and their interaction have extremely significant effect on the MBC contents and the ratios of MBC/MBN. The yields are heavily affected by treatments,  seasons,  and treatment×season. Rotation of CS₂ shows the optimal effect in increasing MBC,  MBC/MBN,  and the crop yield.

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