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作 者 ：陈敏 马婷婷 丁艳萍 常江 郜红建 章力干 丁玉宇

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2014年 20卷 1期 页码：237-246

关键词：配方施肥；养分吸收动态；产量；

Keywords:nutrient uptake, yield,

摘 要 ：本文主要研究配方施肥与常规施肥对水稻养分吸收和产量的效应，检验大配方的区域适宜性和合理性。以水稻品种晚稻187为材料，采用大小区随机区组设计，在安徽省怀宁县进行了“大配方小调整”田间试验，结果表明，整个生育期内，水稻对氮素的总吸收量以小调整配方T4处理 （施肥量为N150 kg/hm²、  P₂O₅ 120 kg/hm²、   K₂O 105 kg/hm²）最高，为N 1.25 g/plant；对磷、 钾的吸收总量配方施肥均高于常规施肥，也以小调整配方T4处理最高（P₂O₅ 0.18 g/plant、 K₂O 0.95 g/plant）。配方施肥的产量均高于常规施肥，以大配方2（T3， 施肥量为N 232.5 kg/hm²、 P₂O₅ 120 kg/hm²、 K₂O 120 kg/hm²）的产量最高，达到了11129 kg/hm²，但小调整配方（T4）的产投比优于大配方。总体而言，配方施肥的施肥配比与肥料运筹较之常规施肥更为科学合理，大配方适宜该地区的水稻生产。

Abstract:Fertilization can promote nutrient uptake and yield of rice. In order to compare the formula fertilizer treatments with the conventional fertilizer treatment on the effects of N,  P and K fertilizer application on grain yield and nutrient uptake of rice and to test the regional adaptability and rationality of gross formula,  a “gross formula and minor adjustment” yield experiment was carried out in Huaining county of Anhui province. The experiment used Wandao 187 as rice cultivar and was based a on design of a randomized block with different sizes. The results show that under the condition of formula fertilization and  during all the grow periods,  the N,  P and K accumulation amounts of rice are higher  than those of the conventional fertilizer treatment,  and the N,  P and K accumulation amounts of the minor adjustment (T4) is the highest (N 1.25 g per plant,  P 0.18 g per plant,  K 0.95 g per plant). In addition,  the grain yield of the formula fertilization is higher than that of the conventional fertilizer treatment. Among all the treatments,  the yield of the gross formula is the highest and reaches 11129 kg/ha,  but the output input ratio of the minor adjustment is higher than that of the gross formula. Overall,  compared with conventional fertilizer,  the  application of formua fertilizer is more scientific and reasonable,  and the gross formula treatment is suitable for the rice production in this region.

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