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作 者 ：王亮 李双异 汪景宽 顾鑫 孟凡奎

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2013年 19卷 5期 页码：1200-1206

关键词：棕壤；交换性钙；交换性镁；长期定位施肥；覆膜；

Keywords:brown soil, exchangeable Ca, exchangeable Mg, long-term fertilization, plastic film mulching,

摘 要 ：本文以沈阳农业大学棕壤长期定位试验站（始于1987年）玉米连作试验为研究对象，探讨了施肥与地膜覆盖对棕壤中交换性钙、镁含量的影响，以及交换性钙、镁和pH之间的相关性。研究结果表明：试验地0—40 cm土壤交换性钙含量在1.34～2.52 g/kg之间，交换性镁含量在0.30～0.66 g/kg之间，目前都比较丰富，作物基本不会出现缺钙缺镁症状。经过24年的不同施肥处理，施有机肥土壤表层（0—20 cm）交换性钙和交换性镁含量呈明显增加趋势，施用化肥土壤表层交换性钙和交换性镁含量呈明显下降趋势。无论不覆膜还是覆膜，单施化肥底层（20—40 cm）土壤交换性钙和交换性镁含量大于表层；施用有机肥土壤交换性钙含量在两个层次差异不明显，交换性镁含量土壤表层大于底层。覆膜与不覆膜相比，单施化肥土壤覆膜后表层土壤交换性钙和交换性镁含量增加，底层含量降低，而有机肥处理表现的不明显。土壤表层交换性钙和交换性镁与pH之间都有极显著的正相关关系。

Abstract:Soil exchangeable Ca and Mg contents were determined in continuous maize cropping system under different fertilization and plastic film mulching in the long-term brown earth experimental station (started in 1987) in Shenyang Agricultural University, Laoning Province, China. The results show that the contents of soil exchangeable Ca (0-40 cm) are from 1.34 g/kg to 2.52 g/kg, soil exchangeable Mg from 0.30 g/kg to 0.66 g/kg. Soils in this area are very rich in Ca and Mg, the deficiency of Ca and Mg in maize is rarely happened. Besed on the 24 years’ experiment, the exchangeable soil Ca and Mg in the topsoil (0-20 cm) keep increasing in plots applied with manure, decreasing in plots applied with inorganic fertilizers. The exchangeable Ca and exchangeable Mg contents in topsoil applied with inorganic fertilizers are lower than in subsoil (20-40 cm). The exchangeable Ca and Mg in topsoil are enhanced in the treatments of plastic film mulching and chemicalfertilizer addition. There are significant positive correlations between exchangeable Ca and Mg with pH in these treatments, which means  the exchangeable Ca and Mg contents are influenced by soil pH.

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