---

作 者 ：王文华 周鑫斌 周永祥 常红

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2011年 17卷 6期 页码：1379-1387

关键词：油菜；磷效率；根际；磷形态；

Keywords:rape genotype, P efficiency, rhizosphere, phosphorus fraction,

摘 要 ：筛选和培育耐低磷植物是缓解磷矿资源缺乏和提高磷肥利用效率的有效途径之一。本研究在前期材料筛选的基础上，通过根箱试验研究不同磷效率油菜根际土壤磷活化机理，其结果如下：在施磷和不施磷处理条件下，磷高效油菜品种B56（HG）的吸磷量和生物量均高于磷低效品种B10（LG）；两油菜品种根际土壤中的NaHCO3-Pi, NaHCO3-Po和 NaOH-Pi，NaOH-Po四种磷素形态均有显著的亏缺现象；磷高效品种（HG）根际土壤上述四种磷素形态亏缺程度大于磷低效品种（LG），但Resin-P则出现富集，并且HG的富集程度大于LG，这可能与HG具有较高吸磷能力有关。两油菜品种根际土壤HCl-Pi 和 残渣态磷（Residual-P）没有发生明显的亏缺现象。相比较而言，HG能分泌更多的酸性磷酸酶，该酶活性与NaHCO3-Po含量呈显著的负相关，说明酸性磷酸酶对有机磷矿化起着非常重要的作用。

Abstract:Screening and developing low phosphor tolerance plants is an alternative way to relieve the P resource deficiency and improve the fertilizer use efficiency. Based on the pre-screening materials, the rhizosphere soil phosphorus activation mechanism of different P efficiency rape genotypes was studied. The results showed that whether the soil is fertilized with P or not, the P uptake and biomass of the high P efficient rape B56 (HP) are higher than those of the low P efficient rape B10 (LP). There are significant depletions of NaHCO3-Pi, NaHCO3-Po, NaOH-Pi and NaOH-Po in the rhizosphere of the two genotypes, and the depletion of HG is greater than that of LG. Significant enrichments of resin-Pi are observed in the rhizosphere, and HCl-Pi and residual-P are not depleted in the rhizosphere of both genotypes. In comparison, HG secretes more acid phosphatase, and the enzyme activity and NaHCO3-Po content are significantly negatively correlated. These results indicate that it is important to mineralize of soil organic P by the acid phosphatase.

---