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作 者 ：杨光 左青松 晋晨 朱庆洋 李苗苗 冷锁虎

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2014年 20卷 3期 页码：681-686

关键词：油菜；杂种优势；配合力；磷素籽粒生产效率；

Keywords:rapeseed ( Brassica napus L. ), heterosis, combining ability, phosphorous use efficiency,

摘 要 ：以22个甘蓝型油菜品种(系)为亲本(17个母本，5个父本)，按NCⅡ设计配成17×5=85个F1，在不施磷肥（CK）和施P2O5 150 kg/hm²（P150）两个处理条件下，对不同品系油菜磷素籽粒生产效率进行配合力和遗传参数分析。结果表明， 磷素籽粒生产效率（PUEs）杂交组合平均值在P150和CK处理中分别比亲本平均值高6.41%和7.64%。离中亲优势的正向组合数明显多于负向组合数，超亲优势的正向组合数（超高亲）明显多于负向组合数（超低亲），表明PUEs存在杂种优势。PUEs的遗传参数在P150处理和CK处理中一般配合力方差相对较小，特殊配合力相对较大，PUEs遗传以非加性效应（显性效应及上位性效应）为主。在两个肥力水平下，品系9（ZS-3）的一般配合力较高，6×20（SY07×湘05499）、 13×20（NY-14×湘05499）、 14×21（湘05487×YY-7）三个组合的特殊配合力较高。

Abstract:In this study,  the heterosis and genetic parameters of phosphorus use efficiency for seed production (PUEs) of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) were investigated using two-factors split experiment. Twenty two parental cultivars (17 female and 5 male parents) and their 17×5=85 F1 hybrids were grown in soils applied P₂O₅ 150 kg/ha and without P₂O₅ application(CK). The results showed significant heterosis in hybrids in PUEs. The PUEs in hybrids increased by 6.41%,  7.64% respectively in comparison with parents under CK and P150 treatment. Positive heterosis of mid-parent values (Hm) in PUEs are significantly higher than negative Hm,  and positive super high heterosis are significantly higher than negative super low parents. The general combining ability (GCA) variance in PUEs is relatively small,  the specific combining ability (SCA) variance is relatively large,  and the PUEs is mainly controlled by dominance and epistasis effects.  The GCA of inbred line 9 (ZS-3) and SCA of 6×20 (SY07×Xiang 05499),  13×20 (NY-14×Xiang 05499) and 14×21 (Xiang 05487×YY-7) are relatively high under two fertility levels.

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