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作 者 ：杨峰 黄山 崔亮 王小春 雍太文 刘卫国 杨文钰

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2013年 19卷 4期 页码：781-789

关键词：玉米；大豆；氮磷养分；套作种植；

Keywords:Maize, Soybean, Nitrogen and phosphorus, Relay intercropping,

摘 要 ：在田间小区试验条件下，以登海605（紧凑型）、 川单418（半紧凑型）、 雅玉13（松散型）3个玉米品种，贡选1和桂夏3两个大豆品种为试验材料，采用玉米/大豆套作种植模式，在仁寿和雅安试验点研究玉米拔节期、 大喇叭口期、 子粒建成期和成熟期以及大豆苗期、 始花期和鼓粒期叶片氮、 磷养分动态规律，分析玉米和大豆叶片氮磷含量之间的相关性。结果表明，两大豆品种无论是净作还是套种，叶片氮含量在苗期最低，磷含量在苗期最高；大豆与雅玉13套作比净作其叶片氮和磷含量分别高出5.81% 和 38.56%以上，而套作大豆叶片氮磷比值却低于净作，仁寿试验点高于雅安试验点，始花期之后净、 套作大豆叶片氮磷含量及其比值变化规律不明显。三种株型玉米叶片磷含量随生育期呈现低—高—低的规律，其中松散型玉米品种雅玉13叶片磷含量最高；而叶片氮含量在子粒建成期之前变化幅度较小，成熟期达到最低。同样，玉米氮磷比值仁寿试验点高于雅安试验点。通过叶片氮和磷含量及其比值间的相关性分析，玉米和大豆叶片氮、 磷含量与其之间的比例相关性达到显著水平（r>0.46, P<0.05），特别是叶片磷含量与氮、 磷比之间的相关性极显著（P<0.01）

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to investigate the dynamic changes of leaf N concentration and P concentration of maize and soybean at different growth stages, and analyze their relations in the typical maize/soybean relay strip intercropping system and the soybean monoculture. The soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) cultivars, Gongxuan1 and Guixia3, and the maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars, Denghai 605, Chuandan 418 and Yayu13, were selected in this study. The N concentrations of leaves of two soybean cultivars at the V3 stage are lowest, while the concentrations are highest compared with those of other stages. The leaf N and P concentrations of the soybean intercropping with Yayu13 are 5.81% and 38.56% higher than those of the soybean monoculture. At the same time, the N∶P ratio of the relay intercropped soybean leaves is lower than that of the monoculture. After the R1 stage, these characteristics are not appeared. For maize, the change trend of leaf P concentration is a low-high-low mode through the growth stage, and the leaf N concentration is lowest at the R6 stage. In addition, the N∶P ratios of maize and soybean leaves in Renshou are higher than those in Ya’an. The correlation between the N and P concentration of leaves of maize and soybean is significant (r>0.46, P<0.05), especially the P concentration and the N∶P ratio (P<0.01).

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