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作 者 ：杨阳, 钟晓敏, 闫志刚, 翟衡

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2010年 16卷 4期 页码：1037-1040

关键词：氮素形态；巨峰葡萄；果实品质；

Keywords:nitrogen form, Kyoho grape, fruit quality,

摘 要 ：为了探讨氮素形态对巨峰葡萄果实品质性状的影响，设置了尿素T1（酰胺态）、全硝T2（硝铵比为100/0）、混合氮T3、T4、T5（硝铵比为70/30、50/50、30/70）及全铵处理T6（硝铵比为0/100）和清水对照CK，于生长季节进行叶面喷施试验。结果表明，不同处理均提高了果实的营养品质，喷尿素的总糖量、糖酸比最大，其次是混合氮处理，全铵处理最小; 果实的Vc含量以混合氮处理较高，全铵处理的最低; 果实中花青素的含量顺序为: 全硝＞尿素＞混合氮＞全铵＞CK。果实硝酸盐含量从高到低依次为: 全硝＞混合氮＞全铵＞尿素＞CK; 硝态氮促进了果实生长，各处理平均单果重为全硝＞混合氮＞全铵＞尿素＞CK。综上结果，尿素及适当的硝态氮配比有利于巨峰葡萄果实品质的提高。

Abstract:In order to explore effects of nitrogen forms on nitrate accumulation and the quality of “Kyoho” grape fruit（Vitis vinifera×V. labrusca cv. Kyoho）, treatments of urea T1(amide-state), nitrate T2(NO^-₃-N/ NH⁺₄-N=100/0), mixed nitrogen T3, T4, T5(NO^-₃-N/ NH⁺₄-N=70/30, 50/50, 30/70), ammonium nitrogen T6(NO^-₃-N/ NH⁺₄-N=0/100)and water CK were used as foliar spray in three times in the grape growing season. The results show that compared with CK, quality of the fruit is improved under the N foliar spray treatment. The amount of total sugar and sugar acid ratio are the highest under the T1 treatments, the next is the mixed-N treatments, and those of the NH⁺₄-N treatment are the lowest. Vc contents of fruit are higher under the mixed-N treatments, of which, the NO^-₃-N/ NH⁺₄-N=50/50 is the highest, NH⁺₄-N is the lowest. The sequence of anthocyanin content of fruit is NO^-₃-N＞urea＞mixed-N＞NH⁺₄-N＞CK, and the nitrate concentration of fruit is in the order of NO^-₃-N ＞mixed-N ＞NH⁺₄-N＞ urea＞ CK, which indicates that NO^-₃-N is beneficial to fruit growth. The average fruit weight for each treatment is NO^-₃-N＞mixed-N＞NH⁺₄-N ＞urea＞ CK. To sum up the results, appropriate amounts of nitrate and urea are benefit to the quality of grape.

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