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作 者 ：唐晓乐 李兆君 马岩 梁永超

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2012年 18卷 4期 页码：894-900

关键词：黑土；磷素活化；黄腐酸；有机肥；酸性磷酸酶；

Keywords:black soil, phosphorus activation, fulvic acid, organic manure, acidic phosphatase,

摘 要 ：采用恒温控湿培养法，研究了低温（培养温度10℃）条件下，黄腐酸（FA）和有机肥（OM）对黑土磷素有效性、酸性磷酸酶活性等的影响。结果表明，黄腐酸（FA）和有机肥（OM）均能提高土壤磷素的有效性，与对照相比，土壤有效磷（Olsen-P）分别提高54.5%和111.5%， FA和OM对黑土磷素活化系数分别为40.6%和70.9%。在整个培养过程中，FA和OM处理土壤有机磷含量均随培养时间逐渐降低。但是，与对照相比，FA和OM处理的有机磷含量分别增加了20.8%和42.3%。FA和OM能够提高土壤酸性磷酸酶活性，增加土壤有机质和溶解性有机碳的含量。与对照相比，FA和OM处理土壤酸性磷酸酶活性增加35.8%和50.9%，有机碳（SOC）增加42.0%和35.0%，溶解性有机碳（DOC）增加70.2% 和63.7%。相关性分析表明，土壤有效磷与酸性磷酸酶、DOC呈极显著的正相关，相关系数分别为0.925和0.765（p<0.01）。黄腐酸和有机肥对黑土磷素的活化机制可能是由于黄腐酸和有机肥处理增加了黑土DOC含量，提高了土壤酸性磷酸酶的活性，促进了黑土磷素的转化，进而增加了黑土磷素的有效性。

Abstract:Microcosm experiments were conducted to study the effects of fulvic acid (FA) and organic manure (OM) on soil phosphorus availability and acidic phosphatase activity in black soil at 10℃. The results showed that both FA and OM could enhance the availability of the soil P. Compared with the control, addition of FA and OM increased Olsen-P content by 54.5% and 111.5%, respectively. The phosphorus activation coefficients of FA and OM were 40.6% and 70.9%, respectively. During the period of incubation, soil organic phosphorus content reduced progressively in both FA and OM treatments. However, compared with the control (CK), soil organic phosphorus content in FA and OM treatments was increased by 20.8% and 42.3%, respectively. Moreover, treatment with both FA and OF was found to enhance acidic phosphatase activity, and soil organic carbon and dissolved organic carbon contents. Compared with CK, acidic phosphatase activity in FA and OM treatments was increased by 35.8%, 50.9%, and soil organic carbon content was increased by 42% and 35%, and dissolved organic carbon by 70.2% and 63.7%, respectively. The positive correlation was found either between acidic phosphatase activity and soil available phosphorus (r=0.925, p <0.01) or between DOC and soil available phosphorus (r=0.765, p <0.01) Fulvic acid- and organic manure-mediated phosphorus mobilization in the black soil tested may be attributed mainly to the enhancement of DOC content and acidic phosphatase activity caused by FA and OM.

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