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作 者 ：刘玉学 王耀锋 吕豪豪 陈庆飞 陈义 钟哲科 杨生茂

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2013年 19卷 6期 页码：1438-1444

关键词：稻秆炭；竹炭；小青菜；产量；品质；

Keywords:rice straw biochar, bamboo biochar, Brassica chinensis, yield, quality,

摘 要 ：为探明不同添加水平的两种生物炭对小青菜产量、 品质及土壤理化性质的影响，为生物炭在蔬菜生产中的有效利用提供依据，开展田间种植试验，在配施氮肥情况下分别添加0、 5、 10、 20、 40 t/hm² 稻秆炭和竹炭，结果表明，高水平施加稻秆炭和竹炭（20 t/hm²、 40 t/hm²）均能显著降低菜地土壤容重，提高土壤pH、 有机碳、 全氮和速效钾含量，但对土壤有效磷和阳离子交换量未产生显著性影响；两种生物炭对小青菜增产均具有促进作用；当添加量为 40 t/hm² 时，稻秆炭和竹炭使小青菜维生素C 含量有所升高，总糖含量分别升高31.2% 和19.5%，硝酸盐含量分别降低15.0% 和16.4%，综合效果稻秆炭优于竹炭，而对小青菜粗纤维和蛋白质的作用不明显。施加生物炭有利于增加土壤孔隙度，提升土壤肥力，改善小青菜品质。生物炭可作为土壤改良剂施用于蔬菜，但具体施用量需根据生物炭和蔬菜种类来确定。

Abstract: Effects of two kinds of biochar at different application rates on yield and quality of greengrocery(Brassica chinensis) and soil properties were investigated for providing a scientific basis for the effective utilization of biochar on vegetable production. A field experiment was carried out in a farm with 0,  5,  10,  20 and 40 t/ha of rice straw biochar and bamboo biochar amendment under the condition of  nitrogen fertilization. Yield and quality of greengrocery and soil properties were determined after the harvest. The results show that both rice straw biochar application and bamboo biochar application at high rates(20 and 40 t/ha) significantly reduce soil bulk density,  and increase soil pH,  organic carbon,  total nitrogen and available K. However,  soil available phosphorus and cation exchange capacity do not show significant differences between the treatments with and without biochar amendment. The yields of greengrocery are improved with biochar amendment. The vitamin C contents of greengrocery are increased,  and total sugar contents are significantly increased by 31.2% and 19.5% while nitrate contents are significantly decreased by 15.0% and 16.4% under 40 t/ha  of rice straw biochar and bamboo biochar amendment,  respectively. The yield and quality of greengrocery and soil fertility can be improved by the application of rice straw biochar and bamboo biochar. Biochar can be applied to vegetables as a kind of soil conditioner. However,  the suitable application amounts are determined by the types of biochar and vegetable.

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