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作 者 ：袁新民1;同延安2;杨学云2;李晓林1;张福锁1

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2000年 6卷 4期 页码：397-403

关键词：磷肥；NO3--N累积；

Keywords:phosphatefertilization, NO3--Naccumulati,

摘 要 ：在黄土高原南部的“国家黄土肥力和肥料效益监测基地”进行的长期定位试验结果表明 ,在小麦 玉米轮作中 ,当年施氮量为N 352kg/hm² 时 ,单施氮肥或氮钾配合的 0～4m土壤剖面的NO₃^--N累积量达 1000kg/hm² 以上 ,其中约 50%～60%的NO₃^--N分布在 2～ 4m以下的土层中 ,而氮磷配合的 0～ 4m土壤剖面的NO₃^--N累积量仅为 220kg/hm²,且 80 %的NO₃^--N分布在 0～2m的土层中 ,增施磷肥由于增加了氮的吸收和对水分的利用而有效地降低了土壤中NO₃^--N的累积。

Abstract:An eight-year long-term experiment in Loess Plateau Area demonstrated the importance of balanced fertilization. In a rotation of wheat-corn, when nitrogen application rate was as high as 352kg·hm^-2 ·a^-1, NO₃^--N accumulation in a 4 meter deep profile was more than 1000kg/hm² if there was no application of phosphorus fertilizer(treatment of N and NK), and 50%～60% of it distributed below 2 meter soil layer. For treatment of applying phosphorus fertilizer(NP), the NO₃^--N accumulation was only about 220kg/hm², and more than 80% of it distributed in a layer of 0～2m. Balanced fertilization can greatly decrease soil NO₃^--N accumulation by increasing soil water use efficiency and nitrogen uptake.

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