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作 者 ：江泽普;韦广泼;谭宏伟

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2004年 10卷 3期 页码：312-318

关键词：红壤果园；土壤肥力；演化；评价；

Keywords:orchard, red earth, soil fertility, evolution, evaluation,

摘 要 ：本文着重探讨广西红壤果园土壤肥力在不同种植年限的演化特征,并利用数理统计软件—SPSS对果园土壤肥力进行综合评价。结果表明,广西红壤果园土壤肥力综合指标值(IFI)在0.17～0.25之间,果园土壤肥力属中下水平。不同年限果园IFI的变化趋势为"N"形走势,即新开果园在10年内IFI略有上升,10年后下降,而在30年以后果园土壤IFI又有增加。造成这种走势的原因,主要是由于受广西高温多雨的气候、果园环境和施肥管理等方面共同影响的结果。在近15年开垦种植的果园中,由于水土流失严重,果园土壤砂化,11～15年树龄果园的砂粒含量比0～5年树龄果园增加近23个百分点,而团聚体(>1mm)和有效阳离子代换量(ECEC)却分别减少24个百分点和3.0cmol/kg,果园土壤环境恶化。防止新开果园水土流失,改善新开果园土壤环境,为广西水果生产的当务之急。

Abstract:The characteristics of soil fertility evolution for various fruits age and change of orchard soil fertility in red earth regions of Guangxi province were evaluated by mathematical statistic software—SPSS. Results showed that the Integrated Fertility Index (IFI) of orchard soil in red earth regions of Guangxi were between 0.17 to 0.25 and belong to mid-low level. The changes of IFI in various fruits age was trending to the shape of "N". The IFI of orchard soil rose slightly in the first 10 years, then declined gradually, and increased again over 30 years. The factors that lead to charges of IFI in orchard soil were mainly: effects of climate of high temperature and rainfall, environment of orchard and input fertilizer together. Last 15 years, the orchards of 11—15 years, the soil sand contents of orchard increased by 23% than that orchards planting for 0—5 years, and large aggregates (>1mm) and ECEC decreased by 24% and 3.0 cmol/kg, respectively, due to serious soil erosion and soil sandification. It‘s a task of top priority in fruit production of Guangxi to prevent new planting orchard soil erosion and deterioration of soil environment.

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