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作 者 ：汪洪;金继运;周卫

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2003年 9卷 1期 页码：91-97

关键词：玉米；施锌；水分胁迫；交互作用；

Keywords:zinc deficiency, soil moisture stress, maize, interactive effect,

摘 要 ：选择潮土(砂壤)和土(粘壤)两种质地不同的土壤,进行盆栽试验,研究不同土壤水分条件下施锌对玉米生长和锌吸收的影响。结果表明,施锌显著增加了玉米植株根、茎、叶以及整株干物质重;缺锌条件下玉米植株根冠比、根叶比和根茎比趋向增大。施锌显著提高了玉米植株各器官中锌的浓度和吸收量,并明显促进锌向地上部运移。干旱胁迫抑制了玉米植株生长,根冠比、根茎比、根叶比增大;随着土壤水分供应增加,植株生长加快,各器官生物量以茎和叶增加大于根。水分胁迫下,在潮土上玉米叶片中锌浓度上升;在土上叶片中锌浓度下降。但增施锌后,根和茎锌浓度增加幅度较大,叶片增加幅度较小;施锌和水分胁迫对根和茎锌浓度的交互作用极显著。水分胁迫下,玉米植株对锌的吸收总量减少。水分胁迫和锌肥施用对玉米叶片、茎锌吸收量的交互作用十分显著,但对根锌吸收量的交互影响不显著。

Abstract:Effects of applied zinc on early growth and zinc uptake of maize (Zea Mays L) plants under different soil moisture was investigated through the pot experiment under greenhouse condition Maize plants were grown at two Zn levels (Zn 0 and 30 mg /kg) and three levels of soil moisture(soil water capacity 30%～35%, 45%～50%,70%～75%, respectively) in two zinc deficient soils (cumulic cinnamon soil: clay soil with water capacity is 36% (w/w) soil water content; fluvoaquic soil: sand soil with water capacity is 26%(w/w)soil water content ) Zinc treatments were applied at planting, while soil moisture treatments were applied after the stage with 4 fully expanded leaves and continued for one month Zinc application and adequate soil moisture significantly enhanced the dry matter weight of roots, stems , leaves and total plants The root to shoot ratio, root to leaf ratio and root to stem ratio trend to increased by zinc deficiency and soil moisture stress The Zn concentration and Zn content in roots, stems, leaves and whole plants were significantly increased with Zn application Zn translocation from root to shoot was stimulated by zinc application and the adequate soil moisture supply Except that the lowest Zn concentration in leaves was found in plants grown at serious soil moisture stress in cumulic cinnamon soil, Zn concentration in plant parts of maize increased with increasing soil drought However Zn content in plants decreased with soil moisture stress The interactive effect of applied Zn and soil moisture treatments on plant growth was observed in cumulic cinnamon soil The highest biomass of plant was found under zinc application and adequate soil moisture while root to stem ratio and leaf to stem ratio were enhanced by zinc deficiency and soil moisture stress Significant positive interactive effect of zinc application and serious soil moisture on zinc concentration of roots in plants grown at fluvoaquic soil and similar effect of zinc application and moderate soil moisture stress on the zinc concentration of roots and stems was found in plants grown at cumulic cinnamon soil Under soil water stress in fluvoaquic soil, the Zn uptake by leaves with Zn application decreased more than that without Zn application, while Zn content of stems with Zn application increased more than that without Zn application However, the opposite trend was observed in maize plants grown at cumulic cinnamon soil.

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