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Karyotype and Chromosome Numbers of Three Species from Elsholtzia

3种香薷属植物染色体数目与核型分析



全 文 :书!"#$%&
,2016,36(5):0923-0929
犃犮狋犪犅狅狋.犅狅狉犲犪犾.犗犮犮犻犱犲狀狋.犛犻狀.
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Žyz2~ˆ‰Š‹92n=16;32~ˆ‰Š‹92n=20,ˆ‰Š‹9‘’“M”•&
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(3)€µn‹‚ƒ†‡:Žyzt¶·¸¹º~1€µ»¼›2n=2x=16=14m+2sm,~2›2n=2x=16
=16m,½¾¿À‹(犆犐)‚Á›39.57‘42.32,ÂxÃI‹犃犐ĂÁ›2.75‘2.87,€µÂxÓś1Aµ;
™šyzt€µ»¼›2n=2x=10=10m,½¾¿À‹(犆犐)›41.76,ÂxÃI‹犃犐ě5.25,€µÂxӛ
1Bµ;3tƇ!º~€µ»¼›2n=2x=20=14m+6sm,ÇÈÉÊÉË~›2n=2x=20=16m+
4sm,½¾¿À‹(犆犐)‚Á›38.49‘40.97,ÂxÃI‹犃犐ě4.20‘4.30,€µÂxӛ1Bµ‘2Bµ。
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犓犪狉狔狅狋狔狆犲犪狀犱犆犺狉狅犿狅狊狅犿犲犖狌犿犫犲狉狊狅犳犜犺狉犲犲犛狆犲犮犻犲狊犳狉狅犿犈犾狊犺狅犾狋狕犻犪
BALuoju1,LIZhimin2,CHENGuangfu2,DENGHongping1
(1SchoolofLifeScience,KeyLaboratoryofEcoenvironmentsinThreeGorgesReservoirRegion,SouthwestUniversity,
Chongqing400715,China;2LifeScienceSchool,YunnanNormalUniversity,Chenggong,Yunnan650500,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Standardplantroottipcytologyresearchmethodswereusedtostudythechromosomenumber
andkaryotypeof5populationsof3犈犾狊犺狅犾狋狕犻犪species.Theresultshowedthat:(1)thechromosomenum
berof犈.犱犲狀狊犪was2n=16,andthechromosomenumberof犈.犳犾犪狏犪was2n=20,whichwereconsistent
withpreviousreports.Chromosomenumberof犈.犲狉犻狅狊狋犪犮犺狔犪was2n=10,whichisfirstreportedhere.
(2)Clusteranalysisresultsshowedthat犈.犳犾犪狏犪hascloserelationshipwith犈.犱犲狀狊犪.Onlydiploidand
tetraploidwerefoundinthisgenusanddominatedbydiploid.(3)Threeconclusionsweredrawnbyanalysis
ofkaryotypeparameters:thekarytypicformulaeof犈.犱犲狀狊犪DaochengWumingshanpopulation1was2n
=2x=16=14m+2sm,andpopulation2was2n=2x=16=16m.犆犐ofpopulation1andpopulation2were
39.57and42.32,犃犐were2.75and2.87,respectively.Thetwopopulationshavethesametypeofkaryo
type:1A.Thekarytypicformulaeof犈.犲狉犻狅狊狋犪犮犺狔犪was2n=2x=10=10m,犆犐was41.76,犃犐was5.25
andthetypeofkaryotypewas1B.Thekarytypicformulaeof犈.犳犾犪狏犪was2n=2x=20=14m+6sm
(Kunmingpopulation)or2n=2x=20=16m+4sm(Nielamupopulation).犆犐ofKunmingpopulationand
Nielamupopulationwere38.49and40.97,犃犐were4.20and4.30,respectively.Thekaryotypetypesof
KunmingpopulationandNielamupopulationwere1Band2B.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:犈犾狊犺狅犾狋狕犻犪;karyotype;chromosomenumber;clusteranalysis;犃犐
  yz{(犈犾狊犺狅犾狋狕犻犪)>‚ŸÌÍ{΁(Lami
aceae)ÏÐÑÒtÓÔÕÖ,×{Ø40|,ÙÚ
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kai)ê4|yz{#$쪈‰Š./k01
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犲狉犻狅狊狋犪犮犺狔犪Benth.)‘Žyz(犈.犱犲狀狊犪Benth.)
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Table1 Somaticchromosomenumber(2n)anddatasourceof犈犾狊犺狅犾狋狕犻犪species
‚Ÿ
Taxon
ˆ‰Š‹9
Chromosomenumber
n(·¸
Reference
.™yz犈犾狊犺狅犾狋狕犻犪狆犻犾狅狊犪(Benth.)Benth. 2n=2x=16 [12]
¹ºy犈.犮狉犻狊狋犪狋犪Wild. 2n=2x=16 [12]
™šyz犈.犲狉犻狅狊狋犪犮犺狔犪(Benth.)Benth. 2n=2x=16 [13]
3犈.犳犾犪狏犪(Benth.)Benth. 2n=2x=20 [13]
»¼½犈.狆狅犾狔狊狋犪犮犺狔犪Benth. 2n=2x=16 [13]
¾šyz犈.狊狋狉狅犫犻犾犻犳犲狉犪(Benth.)Benth. 2n=2x=16 [13]
yz犈犾狊犺狅犾狋狕犻犪犮犻犾犻犪狋犪(Thunb.)Hyl. 2n=2x=16、18,2n=4x=32 [1417]
Žyz犈.犱犲狀狊犪Benth. 2n=2x=16 [15]
ŽyzršÜ|犈.犱犲狀狊犪var.犻犪狀狋犺犻狀犪(Maxim.exKanitz)C.
Y.Wu&S.C.Huang 2n=4x=32
[15]
,-yz犈.狊狆犾犲狀犱犲狀狊NakaiexF.Maekawa 2n=2x=18 [15],[18]
ú¿yz犈.狆狊犲狌犱狅犮狉犻狊狋犪狋犪H.Lév.&Vaniot 2n=2x=16 [19]
À"yz犈.狊狋犪狌狀狋狅狀犻犻Benth. 2n=2x=16 [20]
429 ! " # $ % &                   36Á
S2 OP]^_`
Table2 Samplesandtheirlocalityinformation
‚Ÿ
Taxon
Fû³
Locality
ÂU/
Position
,I
Altitude/m
jk01
Voucher
Žyz~1
犈.犱犲狀狊犪population1
¯Kö·Ä¸¹º
Wumingshan,Daocheng,Sichuan 99°57′52″E
,29°8′23″N 3740 SunH07zx3341
Žyz~2
犈.犱犲狀狊犪population2
¯Kö·Ä¸¹º
Wumingshan,Daocheng,Sichuan 100°5′22″E
,29°8′56″N 4324 SunH07zx3560
™šyz
犈.犲狉犻狅狊狋犪犮犺狔犪
¯Kö·Ä[Å
Sandui,Daocheng,Sichuan 100°5′22″E
,29°8′56″N 4324 SunH07zx3561
3~1
犈.犳犾犪狏犪population1
iWÃƇÆ!º
Xishan,Kunming,Yunnan 102°37′18″E
,25°3′45″N 1950 Chen002
3~2
犈.犳犾犪狏犪population2
!LÃÇÈÉÊÉË
Zhangmugou,Nyalam,Tibet 114°4′16″E
,22°54′31″N 2230 Zh.Zhou&G.F.Chen001
uõn( Hamideh ê%&tnoJ«‚ƒu
v
[28],
­£¤¥I‚ƒFéInceerêtuvx11
}€µn‹K5žŸ‚ƒ
[11]:
’““.

NJˆ‰
Š‹9

ˆ‰Šøx./
(犚犔)、ˆ‰ŠÈx.É
(犔犃)、ˆ‰ŠÈxÊÉ(犛犃)、ˆ‰ŠÈx./
(犆犔)、ˆ‰ŠË.(犜犆犔)、É6Ä(犃犚)、ˆ‰ŠÌ
ÂxÃI‹
(犃1)、ˆ‰Š*ÂxÃI‹(犃2)、½¾
¿À‹
(犆犐),Ú̂ƒ8ÍéSPSS17.0΀p。
2 „…M‚ƒ
©1,A、B[¡›*£€‘”£€,p«Tana
ka0w[25],*£€¢ª—Ͻ‰¦Ðtˆ‰Š,Ñ
¢¬$|*£€›Ò@ˆ‰Š

ª¾‚Ó”£ˆ‰
Š›¢*µ

¢£ˆ‰Š_~©1,C~G[¡,¢£ˆ‰
Š€µÔ¼©~©1[¡,x3|(5~)#$‚
ÁÕÖ5}ˆ‰Š‚°¦ñt¢£rsK5€µ‚
ƒ

Ñ¢t€µn‹~†4[¡,„…†‡:3|y
z{#$ˆ‰Š{ôsm× mµ,€µÂxÓª
1A、1B‘2Bê3|Ÿµ。ˆ‰Š./6>1.67~
2.67Ø*ÜL;ˆ‰Š.8./(犆犔)Ä>1.65~
2.75Ø*ÜL,ڏ3Ƈ!º~›ÙÊ,™
šyz›Ù.

½¾¿À‹
(犆犐)Ä>38.49~
42.32Ø*ÜL,ÂxÃI‹犃犐Ä>2.75~5.25
Ø*ÜL

ڙšyz›ÙH

Žyz›ÙÚ

1
BC¢

¬—$|þªø¬tˆ‰Š’“‘ˆ‰Š
‹9

3¬~*€µn‹l>VW

œß©y
z{#$¢l>ˆ‰Š‹92n=10;3|#$t€
µ‹«8›œ&–

°>yz{¢œÍé犃犐
ÄK5|*IJ%‚ƒ

2.1 ab56(cd1Ycd2)
Žyz›ÛÜÕ1

Ž

…£7~10Ý,Dô
Þ¤

HºÕß

ÞÒ

àáýºâã³

Žyz
¶·¸¹º~1‘~2t#$Šrsˆ‰Š‹
9ś2n=16,3€µn‹‘€µQRl>VW

†3、†4)。Y¢,~1€µ»¼2n=2x=14m
+2sm,Šrs¢£ˆ‰ŠZ14¢)(m)‘2
§¢)
(sm)ˆ‰ŠËB,Gøx./ËB2n=8M2
+8M1 äŒ,Žyz~1Z¢.ˆ‰Š(M2)‘
¢Êˆ‰Š
(M1)2|ˆ‰ŠËB,98ˈ‰Šø
x./k0›9.53%~15.41%、É6k0›1.30
~1.79、ˆ‰Š./6›1.78、ˆ‰Š.8./›
1.81、½¾¿À‹›39.57、ÂxÃI‹犃犐ě
2.75、€µ›1A µ;~2€µ»¼2n=2x=
16m,Šrs¢£ˆ‰ŠZ16¢)(m)ˆ‰ŠË
B

øx./ËBM~1ø¬,øx./k0›
10.12%~15.29%、É6k0›1.21~1.59、ˆ‰
Š./6›1.67、ˆ‰Š.8./›1.74、½¾¿
À‹›42.32、ÂxÃI‹犃犐ě2.87、€µM~
1ø¬›1Aµ。
2.2 ef56
™šyz›—$DÕ1

åæ×G,)çÌ>
èu8þʂ¿

‚¿÷b

Ž

…£7~9Ý,¢*
éêë
、¯
K

!L

iW

DôH,I³^tºâÕ
³

™šyz¯K¶·[Å~#$Šrsˆ‰Š
‹9›2n=10,€µ»¼›2n=2x=10m,€µn
‹M€µQRì†3‘†4。G€µ»¼Œ&,Š
rs¢£ˆ‰Š×)Z10¢)(m)ˆ‰ŠËB,
Gøx./ËB2n=2L+1M1+2SäŒ,™šyz
Z.ˆ‰Š
(L)、¢Êˆ‰Š(M1)‘ʈ‰Š(S)3
|ˆ‰ŠËB
,5ˈ‰Šøx./k0›12.26%
~30.20%、É6k0›1.22~1.67、ˆ‰Š./6
›2.67、ˆ‰Š.8./›2.75、½¾¿À‹›
41.76、ÂxÃI‹犃犐ě5.25、€µ›1Bµ。
5295£              :;<,ê:3|yz{#$ˆ‰Š‹9M€µ‚ƒ
A.”£€;B.ª¾‚Ó”£ˆ‰Š;C~G.¢£ˆ‰Š:(C.Žyz
~ 1,D.Žyz~2,E.™šyz,F.3~1,G.3
~ 2;)c~g.ˆ‰Š€µÔ¼©:(c.Žyz~1,d.Žyz~
2,e.™šyz,f.3~1,g.3~2。)0í=5μm
©1 yz{t”£€、ª¾‚Ó”£ˆ‰Š‘¢£
ˆ‰Š_ý€µÔ¼©
A.Mitoticinterphasenuclei;B.Mitoticprophase;C-Gwere
somaticmetaphase:[C.犈犾狊犺狅犾狋狕犻犪犱犲狀狊犪(population1),
D.犈.犱犲狀狊犪(population2),E.犈.犲狉犻狅狊狋犪犮犺狔犪;F.
犈.犳犾犪狏犪(population1),G.犈.犳犾犪狏犪(population2);]cg
werechromosomeideogram:[c.犈.犱犲狀狊犪(population1),
d.犈.犱犲狀狊犪(population2),e.犈.犲狉犻狅狊狋犪犮犺狔犪,f.犈.
犳犾犪狏犪(population2),g.犈.犳犾犪狏犪(population2).]Scale
bar=5μm
Fig.1 Cytologicalfeaturesandchromosomeideograms
of犈犾狊犺狅犾狋狕犻犪
2.3 ghi(cd1Ycd2)
3›ÛÜîïÉ

ð‚¿

ñòó‰Êô
™

Ž£7~10Ý、…£9~11Ý,DôÞãõ³、ö
á

Ë÷ø

ïù¢×Þ¤

3Ƈ!º~1
‘ÇÈÉÊÉË~2t#$Šrsˆ‰Š‹9Å
›2n=20,3€µn‹‘€µQRìl>VW(†
3、†4)。Y¢,~1€µ»¼›2n=2x=14m+
6sm,Šrs¢£ˆ‰ŠZ14¢)‘6§¢)
ˆ‰ŠËB

ˆ‰Šøx./k0›6.18%~
14.01%、É6k0›1.46~1.99、ˆ‰Š./6›
2.47、ˆ‰Š.8./› 1.65、½¾¿À‹›
38.49、ÂxÃI‹犃犐ě4.20、€µ›1Bµ;~
2€µ»¼›2n=2x=16m+4sm,Šrs¢£
ˆ‰ŠZ16¢)‘4§¢)ˆ‰ŠËB,øx
./k0›6.52%~12.79%、É6k0›1.19~
2.10、ˆ‰Š./6›2.37、ˆ‰Š.8./›
2.04、½¾¿À‹›40.97、ÂxÃI‹Ä 犃犐›
4.30、€µ›2B。Gøx./ËBäŒ,3~
1›2n=4L+6M2+6M1+4S、~2›2n=2L
+10M2+4M1+4S,ú~ˆ‰Š./ËBø¬,
ÅÙZ.ˆ‰Š

¢.ˆ‰Š
(M2)、¢Êˆ‰Š‘
ʈ‰Š4|ˆ‰ŠËB。
2.4 34(5cd)56789jJAB
x5~#$K5žŸ‚ƒ,ûü5~*t
KL¥I

‚ƒ„…

©2)†‡:ýÄs20œž›
úþ

3‘Žyzt4}~ž›—þ,°
Žyz~1M3ª§—ÿt£¤¥I,™
šyzæ!›—þ

3 û ü
yz{+ªˆ‰Š‹9&–t$|ˆ‰Š‹9
ª
:2n=2x=16、18、20、32,2n=4x=32,,‹›x=
8、9、10、16,"ìyz{¢,ª®’Š‘¯’Šl>,
©2 yz{3|(5~)ˆ‰Š_QRžŸ‚ƒ©
Fig.2 Clusteranalysisdendrogramofthree犈犾狊犺狅犾狋狕犻犪
speciesfivepopulationsinvestigated
629 ! " # $ % &                   36Á
S3 34(5cd)56789X:;Table3 Chromosomeparametersofthree犈犾狊犺狅犾狋狕犻犪speciesfivepopulations
‚Ÿ
Taxon
ˆ‰Š#$
Chromosomenumber
øx./
Relativelengths/%
É6
Armratio
ٵ
Form
øx./À‹
Relativelengthindex(犐.犚.犔)
Žyz~1
犈.犱犲狀狊犪population1
1 15.41 1.30 m 1.23(M2)
2 13.88 1.59 m 1.11(M2)
3 13.30 1.46 m 1.06(M2)
4 12.87 1.44 m 1.03(M2)
5 12.37 1.62 m 0.99(M1)
6 11.70 1.47 m 0.94(M1)
7 10.94 1.59 m 0.88(M1)
8 9.53 1.79 sm 0.76(M1)
Žyz~2
犈.犱犲狀狊犪population2
1 15.29 1.31 m 1.22(M2)
2 14.25 1.43 m 1.14(M2)
3 13.44 1.59 m 1.08(M2)
4 12.65 1.30 m 1.01(M2)
5 12.15 1.42 m 0.97(M1)
6 11.45 1.30 m 0.92(M1)
7 10.64 1.29 m 0.85(M1)
8 10.12 1.21 m 0.81(M1)
™šyz
犈.犲狉犻狅狊狋犪犮犺狔犪
1 30.20 1.22 m 1.51(L)
2 25.49 1.28 m 1.27(L)
3 17.05 1.41 m 0.85(M1)
4 15.01 1.67 m 0.75(S)
5 12.26 1.46 m 0.61(S)
3~1
犈.犳犾犪狏犪population1
1 14.01 1.47 m 1.40(L)
2 12.71 1.73 sm 1.27(L)
3 11.76 1.99 sm 1.18(M2)
4 11.05 1.47 m 1.10(M2)
5 10.22 1.76 sm 1.02(M2)
6 9.52 1.68 m 0.95(M1)
7 9.04 1.53 m 0.90(M1)
8 8.38 1.58 m 0.84(M1)
9 7.22 1.46 m 0.72(S)
10 6.18 1.47 m 0.62(S)
3~2
犈.犳犾犪狏犪population2
1 12.79 2.10 sm 1.28(L)
2 11.89 1.90 sm 1.19(M2)
3 11.85 1.70 m 1.19(M2)
4 11.41 1.50 m 1.14(M2)
5 10.77 1.47 m 1.08(M2)
6 8.82 1.35 m 0.88(M1)
7 10.14 1.19 m 1.01(M2)
8 8.50 1.23 m 0.85(M1)
9 7.24 1.23 m 0.72(S)
10 6.52 1.26 m 0.65(S)
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Table4 Cytoloticalcharacteristicsofthree犈犾狊犺狅犾狋狕犻犪speciesfivepopulationsinthisstudy
‚Ÿ
Taxon
€µ»¼
Karyotypicformula
ˆ‰Š
./k0
Range
SCLC/um
ˆ‰Š
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Ratio
LC/SC
.8Ê%
犛Mean/um
(±SD)
.8.É
犔 Mean/um
(±SD)
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犆犔 Mean
(±SD)
½¾¿À‹
犆犐Mean
(±SD)
ÂxÃ

犃犐
€µ
犓犛
Žyz~1
犈.犱犲狀狊犪population1 2n=2x=16=14m+2sm 2.31~1.29 1.78 0.71
(±0.17)1.09(±0.21)1.81(±0.31)39.57(±6.39) 2.75 1A
Žyz~2
犈.犱犲狀狊犪population2 2n=2x=16=16m 2.19~1.31 1.67 0.73
(±0.17) 1.00(±0.25)1.74(±0.36)42.32(±5.92) 2.87 1A
™šyz
犈.犲狉犻狅狊狋犪犮犺狔犪 2n=2x=10=10m 4.33~1.62 2.67 1.17
(±0.50)1.58(±0.53)2.75(±0.99)41.76(±6.11) 5.25 1B
3~1
犈.犳犾犪狏犪population1 2n=2x=20=14m+6sm 2.36~0.95 2.47 0.63
(±0.17)1.02(±0.31)1.65(±0.45)38.49(±5.97) 4.20 1B
3~2
犈.犳犾犪狏犪population2 2n=2x=20=16m+4sm 2.97~1.25 2.37 0.83
(±0.26)1.21(±0.31)2.04(±0.60)40.97(±6.01) 4.30 2B
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